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  1. By: Edwin
    Thu, 15 May 2025 19:11:15 +0000


    Linux used to be boring. When people hear the word “Linux”, immediately the imagine a black and white terminal window that can be used only by tech veterans. It is not. If you have been a regular reader of Unixmen, you would know by now that Linux is fun. The only deterrent is the black and white terminal even that is handled now with lolcat. This command line utility adds a rainbow gradient to your terminal output. With this powerful yet simple utility, you can display a welcome message, echo a message, run bash scripts, and more with fun and flair.
    Today at Unixmen, let us take explain how to install lolcat, customizing terminal, and some examples. Don’t worry about the overhead. It is simple, lightweight, and fun. Ready? Get. Set. Learn!
    What Is lolcat?
    lolcat is a small command-line utility that takes standard input (stdin) and outputs it in rainbow-ish text. It is similar to cat utility, but with added colour effects. lolcaworks on Unix based systems, including Linux, FreeBSD, and macOS. It is perfect for users who want to make their terminal output more vibrant.
    Why Should I Use lolcat?
    Unixmen is not only about solving Linux problems. We have some guides for fun-based utilities as well and one such utility is lolcat. Let us look at some reasons why you should try it:
    With the increased visual appeal, you can make output more engaging or readable. If you want to highlight a few scripts, you can colourize banners or headings in bash scripts. You can look cool and techy. Impress your friends or make your terminal look unique. A colourful terminal window is better for screencasts, tutorials, and presentations. How to Install lolcat on Linux
    Depending on your Linux distribution, there are a few different ways to install lolcat.
    For Debian/Ubuntu, use apt:
    sudo apt update sudo apt install lolcat If that command did not work (sometimes the repo is outdated), you can install it via Ruby:
    sudo apt install ruby sudo gem install lolcat For Fedora, run this command:
    sudo dnf install rubygems sudo gem install lolcat For Arch Linux, use this command:
    sudo pacman -S ruby sudo gem install lolcat Basic Use Cases
    Using lolcat is easy. Just use | lolcat along with the output you want. Let us start easy:
    echo "Hello from Unixmen" | lolcat Or read from a file:
    cat samplefile.txt | lolcat Use it with system commands:
    figlet "Welcome" | lolcat neofetch | lolcat ls -l | lolcat How to Use lolcat in Bash Scripts
    Add some colours and vibrance to your bash scripts by integrating lolcat for colourful output. For example, here is a sample script:
    echo "Starting script..." | lolcat sleep 1 echo "Step 1: Done!" | lolcat If you want, you can use figlet or toilet (both are utilities) for large ASCII text, and pipe that into lolcat.
    figlet "Install Complete" | lolcat lolcat Options
    It comes with a few handy options to customize the effect:
    -a: Animate the output -d: Duration (used with `-a`) -s: Speed of animation -p: Frequency of rainbow colours echo "Opening Unixmen repository..." | lolcat -a -d 2 -s 50 How to Make My Terminal Banner Colourful
    Customize your .bashrc or .zshrc file to display a colourful welcome message every time you open a terminal.
    Add this to ~/.bashrc:
    echo "Welcome, $USER!" | lolcat Or add a little more fun with ASCII art:
    figlet "Hello $USER" | lolcat Troubleshooting Common lolcat Errors
    lolcat: command not found
    You may not have Ruby installed. Use your package manager to install it:
    sudo apt install ruby Then run:
    sudo gem install lolcat Output looks weird in some terminals
    Try using lolcat in a true-colour (24-bit) compatible terminal like GNOME Terminal, Konsole, or Tilix.
    lolcat Alternatives
    If you are looking for similar tools or want more customization, check out:
    For ASCII text with fonts and effects: toilet Simple large text banner generator: figlet Makes a cow read your text (hard to believe, but yes it works): cowsay Combine them for fun results:
    cowsay "Hello from Unixmen" | lolcat Wrapping Up
    Adding some visual colours to the command line with lolcat is not just fun. It can also help emphasize key output, improve demo scripts, and make Linux a little more delightful. Whether you are customizing your shell, building scripts, or just want a bit of rainbow magic in your life, it is an easy and charming tool to have in your Unix toolbox.
    Related Articles



     
    The post lolcat: How to Customize Terminal with Colours appeared first on Unixmen.
  2. by: Geoff Graham
    Thu, 15 May 2025 12:30:59 +0000

    I was reflecting on what I learned about CSS Carousels recently. There’s a lot they can do right out of the box (and some things they don’t) once you define a scroll container and hide the overflow.
    Hey, isn’t there another fairly new CSS feature that works with scroll regions? Oh yes, that’s Scroll-Driven Animations. Shouldn’t that mean we can trigger an animation while scrolling through the items in a CSS carousel?
    Why yes, that’s exactly what it means. At least in Chrome at the time I’m playing with this:
    CodePen Embed Fallback It’s as straightforward as you might expect: define your keyframes and apply them on the carousel items:
    @keyframes foo { from { height: 0; } to { height: 100%; font-size: calc(2vw + 1em); } } .carousel li { animation: foo linear both; animation-timeline: scroll(inline); } There are more clever ways to animate these things of course. But what’s interesting to me is that this demo now combines CSS Carousels with Scroll-Driven Animations. The only rub is that the demo also slaps CSS Scroll Snapping in there with smooth scrolling, which is effectively wiped out when applying the scroll animation.
    I thought I might work around that with a view() timeline instead. That certainly makes for a smoother animation that is applied to each carousel item as they scroll into view, but no dice on smooth scrolling.
    CodePen Embed Fallback Scroll-Driven Animations Inside a CSS Carousel originally published on CSS-Tricks, which is part of the DigitalOcean family. You should get the newsletter.
  3. by: LHB Community
    Thu, 15 May 2025 15:44:09 +0530

    A TCP proxy is a simple but powerful tool that sits between a client and a server and is responsible for forwarding TCP traffic from one location to another. It can be used to redirect requests or provide access to services located behind a firewall or NAT. socat is a handy utility that lets you establish bidirectional data flow between two endpoints. Let's see how you can use it to set up a TCP proxy.
    A lightweight and powerful TCP proxy tool is socat (stands for "SOcket CAT)". It establishes a bidirectional data flow between two endpoints. These endpoints can be of many types, such as TCP, UDP, UNIX sockets, files, and even processes.
    As a former developer and sysadmin, I can't count the number of times I've used socat, and it's often saved me hours of troubleshooting.🤯
    Whether it's testing a service behind the company firewall, redirecting traffic between local development environments, or simply trying to figure out why one container isn't communicating with another. It's one of those tools that, once you understand what it can do, is amazing. How many problems can be solved with just one line of command?
    In this tutorial, you will learn how to build a basic TCP proxy using socat. By the end of the tutorial, you'll have a working configuration that listens on a local port and forwards incoming traffic to a remote server or service. This is a fast and efficient way to implement traffic proxying without resorting to more complex tools.
    Let's get started!
    Prerequisites
    This tutorial assumes you have a basic knowledge of TCP/IP networks. 
    # Debian/Ubuntu sudo apt-get install socat # macOS (Homebrew) brew install socatUnderstanding the basic socat command syntax
    Here’s the basic socat syntax:
    socat <source> <destination>These addresses can be in the following format:
    TCP4-LISTEN:<port> TCP4-<host>:<port> The point is: all you have to do is tell socat “where to receive the data from” and “where to send the data to,” and it will automatically do the forwarding in both directions.
    Setting up a basic TCP proxy
    Let’s say you have a TCP server working on localhost (loopback interface). Maybe some restrictions prevent you from modifying the application to launch it on a different interface. Now, there’s a scenario where you need to access the service from another machine in the LAN network. Socat comes to the rescue.
    Example 1: Tunneling Android ADB
    First, we established a connection with the Android device via ADB, and then we restart the adb daemon in TCP/IP mode.
    adb devices adb tcpip 5555On some devices, running this adb tcpip 5555 command will expose the service on LAN interface, but in my setup, it doesn’t. So, I decided to use Socat.
    socat tcp4-listen:5555,fork,reuseaddr,bind=192.168.1.33 tcp4:localhost:5555A quick reminder, your LAN IP would be different, so adjust the bind value accordingly. You can check all your IPs via ifconfig.
    Example 2: Python server
    We’ll use Python to start a TCP server on the loopback interface just for demonstration purposes. In fact, it will start an HTTP server and serve the contents of the current directory, but under the hood, HTTP is a TCP connection.
    🚧Start this command from a non-sensitive directory.python -m http.server --bind 127.0.0.1This starts an HTTP server on port 8000 by default. Now, let’s verify by opening localhost:8000 in the browser or using a curl request.
    curl http://localhost:8000What if we do curl for the same port, but this time for the IP assigned by the LAN? It’s not working, right?
    socat tcp4-listen:8005,fork,reuseaddr,bind=192.168.1.33 tcp4:localhost:8000Now, establish the connection on port 8005.
    When establishing a connection through the different devices to http://192.168.1.33:8005, you might get a connection refused error because of firewall rules. You can add a firewall rule to access the service in that case.
    You can refer to our tutorial on using UFW to manage firewall for more details. Here are the commands to do the job quickly:
    sudo ufw allow 8005/tcp sudo ufw statusConclusion
    Whether you are proxying between containers or opening services on different ports, socat proves to be a versatile and reliable tool. If you need a quick and easy proxy setup, give it a try — you'll be amazed at how well it integrates with your workflow.
    Bhuwan Mishra is a Fullstack developer, with Python and Go as his tools of choice. He takes pride in building and securing web applications, APIs, and CI/CD pipelines, as well as tuning servers for optimal performance. He also has a passion for working with Kubernetes.
  4. by: Abhishek Prakash
    Thu, 15 May 2025 04:47:12 GMT

    An interesting development has taken place as openSUSE has decided to not offer Deepin Desktop anymore over repeated security concerns.
    Deepin Desktop Removed from openSUSE over Security ConcernsopenSUSE is not happy with Deepin Desktop and they have their reasons for that.It's FOSS NewsSourav Rudra💬 Let's see what else you get in this edition
    A new OpenSearch release. GNOME's new default video player. What went down at GrafanaCON 2025. And other Linux news, tips, and, of course, memes! This edition of FOSS Weekly is supported by Aiven for OpenSearch®. ❇️ Supercharge Your Search with Aiven for OpenSearch® – Get $100 Sign-Up Bonus! 🚀
    If you've been searching for a way to effortlessly deploy and manage OpenSearch, I've got great news for you! Aiven for OpenSearch® lets you deploy powerful, fully managed search and analytics clusters across AWS, Google Cloud, DO and Azure – all without the hassle of infrastructure management.
    🔥 Why Choose Aiven for OpenSearch®?
    Streamlined Search Applications – Focus on building, not maintaining. Real-Time Visualization – Instantly visualize your data with OpenSearch Dashboards. 99.99% Uptime – Reliable and always available. Seamless Integrations – Plug into Kafka, Grafana, and more with a few clicks. Sign up using this link and claim a $100 bonus credit to explore and test Aiven for OpenSearch®! 💰
    🔥 Claim Your $100 Credit Now📰 Linux and Open Source News
    OpenSearch 3.0 launched with some major upgrades. The OSU's Open Source Lab has survived its funding woes. GNOME has changed its default video player, opting for a modern offering. Nextcloud has been kneecapped thanks to Google's apathy. GrafanaCON 2025 didn't disappoint, with Grafana 12 and Grafana Assistant making a debut.
    Grafana 12 & Grafana Assistant Making a Debut at GrafanaCON 2025GrafanaCON 2025 was an absolute banger, packed with exciting new launches.It's FOSS NewsSourav Rudra🧠 What We’re Thinking About
    UC Berkley demos that a humanoid robot can be built under $5,000. If it comes in mass-production, are we looking at robotic house helps in the near future?
    You Can Build an Open Source Humanoid Robot for Just $5,000UC Berkley shows an interesting project for the open source and robotics community.It's FOSS NewsGourav Patnaik🧮 Linux Tips, Tutorials and More
    Using VS Code? Have better control on the indentation. Here are a few tips and tweaks for handling message threads in Thunderbird. Don't want a specific package to be updated? It's possible on Debian and Ubuntu. Explore some interesting KDE widgets. Manage your photo collection in Linux with these software.
    9 Best Linux Photo Management SoftwareLooking for a replacement for the good-old Picasa on Linux? Take a look at best photo management applications available for Linux.It's FOSSAnkush Das Desktop Linux is mostly neglected by the industry but loved by the community. For the past 12 years, It's FOSS has been helping people use Linux on their personal computers. And we are now facing the existential threat from AI models stealing our content.
    If you like what we do and would love to support our work, please become It's FOSS Plus member. It costs $24 a year (less than the cost of a burger meal each month) and you get an ad-free reading experience with the satisfaction of helping the desktop Linux community.
    Join It's FOSS Plus 👷 Homelab and Maker's Corner
    Reuse, reinvent, rock out. Abhishek (not me, the other one) shared how he gave his old speakers a new life with this DIY guide:
    How I Turned My Old Hi-Fi Speakers into Bluetooth Ones with Raspberry PiCuriosity, more than sustainability, drove me to add Bluetooth features to my old speakers and thus play Spotify and other players wirelessly through it.It's FOSSAbhishek KumarMy favorite Raspberry Pi case, Pironman 5, has just received an upgrade!
    Pre-order will get you a 25% discount. Check out more on their webpage.
    ✨ Apps Highlight
    RSS Guard is a no-nonsense feed reader app for Linux.
    RSS Guard: A Superb Open Source Feed Reader AppA cross-platform open source feed reader that gets the job done.It's FOSS NewsSourav Rudra📽️ Videos I am Creating for You
    Have fun in the terminal by flying a train.
    Subscribe to It's FOSS YouTube Channel🧩 Quiz Time
    How much knowledge do you have about the Linux kernel? This trivia quiz will test that:
    Kernel Chronicles: Linux kernel InsightsThink you know about the Linux kernel? Answer these questions!It's FOSSAnkush Das💡 Quick Handy Tip
    In Linux Mint Cinnamon panel, you can change the way time is displayed. Just right-click on the time in the panel and select Configure. In the configuration window, enable the "Use a custom date format" option.
    Now, enter your preferred format in the "Date format" and "Date format for tooltip" fields.
    You can click on the "Show information on date format syntax" button, which will lead you to a detailed documentation about available date format options if you feel lost.
    🤣 Meme of the Week
    The hate is real with this one. ☠️
    🗓️ Tech Trivia
    To challenge Intel's 486 dominance in the early 1990s, Texas Instruments (TI) sold their own line of 486 microprocessors. However, these TI-branded chips were actually designed by Cyrix, offering software compatibility at a potentially lower cost, yet ultimately failing to dethrone Intel in the microprocessor market.
    🧑‍🤝‍🧑 FOSSverse Corner
    I recently made a new post, in which I explain the differences between the 2.4G and 5G Wi-Fi bands.
    Difference between 2.4G and 5G WifiNot strictly related to Linux but I recently had an interesting discussion with a not-so-technical friend who confused 2.4G and 5G wifi as 2nd generation and 5th generation. I can see why there is a confusion. Terms like 3G, 4G and 5G got popular due to the rise of smartphones. It is easy to mistake 5G of wifi connection for 5th generation of network. Here’s the thing: In terms of Wi-Fi networks, G in 2.4G and 5G are the frequency unit GHz. It has nothing to with 5th generation of cellular da…It's FOSS Communityabhishek❤️ With love
    Share it with your Linux-using friends and encourage them to subscribe (hint: it's here).
    Share the articles in Linux Subreddits and community forums.
    Follow us on Google News and stay updated in your News feed.
    Opt for It's FOSS Plus membership and support us 🙏
    Enjoy FOSS 😄
  5. by: John Rhea
    Wed, 14 May 2025 14:01:42 +0000

    I recently rebuilt my portfolio (johnrhea.com). After days and days of troubleshooting and fixing little problems on my local laptop, I uploaded my shiny new portfolio to the server — and triumphantly watched it not work at all…
    The browser parses and runs JavaScript, right? Maybe Chrome will handle something a little different from Firefox, but if the same code is on two different servers it should work the same in Chrome (or Firefox) no matter which server you look at, right? Right?
    First, the dynamically generated stars wouldn’t appear and when you tried to play the game mode, it was just blank. No really terrible website enemies appeared, nor could they shoot any bad experience missiles at you, at least, not in the game mode, but I guess my buggy website literally sent a bad experience missile at you. Over on the page showing my work, little cars were supposed to zoom down the street, but they didn’t show up, either.
    Let me tell you, there was no crying or tears of any kind. I was very strong and thrilled, just thrilled, to accept the challenge of figuring out what was going on. I frantically googled things like “What could cause JavaScript to act differently on two servers?”, “Why would a server change how JavaScript works?”, and “Why does everyone think I’m crying when I’m clearly not?” But to no avail.
    There were some errors in the console, but not ones that made sense. I had an SVG element that we’ll call car (because that’s what I named it). I created it in vanilla JavaScript, added it to the page, and zoomed it down the gray strip approximating a street. (It’s a space theme where you can explore planets. It’s really cool. I swear.) I was setting transforms on car using car.style.transform and it was erroring out. car.style was undefined.
    I went back to my code on my laptop. Executes flawlessly. No errors.
    To get past the initial error, I switched it from car.style to using setAttribute e.g. car.setAttribute('style', 'transform: translate(100px, 200px)');. This just got me to the next error. car was erroring out on some data-* attributes I was using to hold information about the car, e.g. car.dataset.xspeed would also come back undefined when I tried to access them. This latter technology has been supported in SVG elements since 2015, yet it was not working on the server, and worked fine locally. What the Hoobastank could be happening? (Yes, I’m referencing the 1990s band and, no, they have nothing to do with the issue. I just like saying… errr… writing… their name.)
    With search engines not being much help (mostly because the problem isn’t supposed to exist), I contacted my host thinking maybe some kind of server configuration was the issue. The very polite tech tried to help, checking for server errors and other simple misconfigurations, but there were no issues he could find. After reluctantly serving as my coding therapist and listening to my (tearless) bemoaning of ever starting a career in web development, he basically said they support JavaScript, but can’t really go into custom code, so best of luck. Well, thanks for nothing, person whom I will call Truckson! (That’s not his real name, but I thought “Carson” was too on the nose.)
    Next, and still without tears, I tried to explain my troubles to ChatGPT with the initial prompt: “Why would JavaScript on two different web servers act differently?” It was actually kind of helpful with a bunch of answers that turned out to be very wrong.
    Maybe there was an inline SVG vs SVG in an img issue? That wasn’t it. Could the browser be interpreting the page as plain text instead of HTML through some misconfiguration? Nope, it was pulling down HTML, and the headers were correct. Maybe the browser is in quirks mode? It wasn’t. Could the SVG element be created incorrectly? You can’t create an SVG element in HTML using document.createElement('svg') because SVG actually has a different namespace. Instead, you have to use document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg", 'svg'); because SVG and HTML use similar, but very different, standards. Nope, I’d used the createElementNS function and the correct namespace. Sidenote: At several points during the chat session, ChatGPT started replies with, “Ah, now we’re getting spicy 🔥” as well as, “Ah, this is a juicy one. 🍇” (emojis included). It also used the word “bulletproof” a few times in what felt like a tech-bro kind of way. Plus there was a “BOOM. 💥 That’s the smoking gun right there”, as well as an “Ahhh okay, sounds like there’s still a small gremlin in the works.” I can’t decide whether I find this awesome, annoying, horrible, or scary. Maybe all four?
    Next, desperate, I gave our current/future robot overlord some of my code to give it context and show it that none of these were the issue. It still harped on the misconfiguration and kept having me output things to check if the car element was an SVG element. Again, locally it was an SVG element, but on the server it came back that it wasn’t.
    Maybe using innerHTML to add some SVG elements to the car element garbled the car element into not being an SVG element? ChatGPT volunteered to rewrite a portion of code to fix this. I put the new code into my system. It worked locally! Then I uploaded it to the server and… no dice. Same error was still happening. I wept openly. I mean… I swallowed my emotions in a totally healthy and very manly way. And that’s the end of the article, no redemption, no solution, no answer. Just a broken website and the loud sobs of a man who doesn’t cry… ever…
    …You still here?
    Okay, you’re right. You know I wouldn’t leave you hanging like that. After the non-existent sob session, I complained to ChatGPT, it again gave me some console logs including having the car element print out its namespace and that’s when the answer came to me. You see the namespace for an SVG is this:
    http://www.w3.org/2000/svg What it actually printed was this:
    https://www.w3.org/2000/svg One letter. That’s the difference.
    Normally you want everything to be secure, but that’s not really how namespaces work. And while the differences between these two strings is minimal, I might as well have written document.createElementNS("Gimme-them-SVGzers", "svg");. Hey, W3C, can I be on the namespace committee?
    But why was it different? You’d be really mad if you read this far and it was just a typo in my code. Right?
    You’ve invested some time into this article, and I already did the fake-out of having no answer. So, having a code typo would probably lead to riots in the streets and hoards of bad reviews.
    Don’t worry. The namespace was correct in my code, so where was that errant “s” coming from?
    I remembered turning on a feature in my host’s optimization plugin: automatically fix insecure pages. It goes through and changes insecure links to secure ones. In 99% of cases, it’s the right choice. But apparently it also changes namespace URLs in JavaScript code.
    I turned that feature off and suddenly I was traversing the galaxy, exploring planets with cars zooming down gray pseudo-elements, and firing lasers at really terrible websites instead of having a really terrible website. There were no tears (joyful or otherwise) nor were there celebratory and wildly embarrassing dance moves that followed.
    Have a similar crazy troubleshooting issue? Have you solved an impossible problem? Let me know in the comments.
    This Isn’t Supposed to Happen: Troubleshooting the Impossible originally published on CSS-Tricks, which is part of the DigitalOcean family. You should get the newsletter.
  6. by: Abhishek Kumar
    Wed, 14 May 2025 03:14:27 GMT

    Indentation is how code is visually spaced. It helps define structure, scope, and readability. For example, Python requires indentation to define blocks of code.
    Other languages might not require it, but messy indentation can make code really hard to read (and debug). Common indentation styles include:
    2 spaces (popular in JS, HTML, CSS) 4 spaces (common in Python, Java) Tabs (some devs swear by them) VS Code lets you customize indentation per file, per language, or globally.
    Let’s explore all the ways to tweak that!
    1. Change indentation via the status bar (per-file basis)
    This is the easiest method and perfect when you're editing just one file.
    Open a file in VS Code. Look at the bottom-right corner of the window. You’ll see something like Spaces: 4 or Tab Size: 4. Click that label, a menu pops up! Now, you can choose:
    Indent Using Tabs Indent Using Spaces And below that, choose how many spaces (2, 4, 8 - up to you).
    Just changing the indentation setting doesn’t automatically re-indent the whole file. You’ll want to reformat the document too.
    Here’s how:
    Press Ctrl + Shift + P (Linux/Windows) or Cmd + Shift + P (macOS). Type Format Document and select it. Or use the shortcut:Ctrl + Shift + I on Linux Shift + Alt + F on Windows Shift + Option + F on macOS Boom! The file gets prettied up with your chosen indentation.
    2. Set global indentation in user settings
    Want to make your indentation choice apply to all new files in VS Code? Here’s how:
    Open Command Palette with Ctrl + Shift + P or F1. Type Preferences: Open User Settings. In the Settings UI, search for Tab Size and set it (e.g., 4). Then search Insert Spaces and make sure it’s checked. This tells VS Code:
    Also check for Detect Indentation, if it’s ON, VS Code will override your settings based on the file content. Disable it if you want consistency across files.
    3. Set project-specific indentation (Workspace settings)
    Maybe you want different indentation just for one project, not globally.
    Open the project folder in VS Code. Go to the Command Palette and select Preferences: Open Workspace Settings. Switch to the Workspace tab. Search and set the same Tab Size, Insert Spaces, and Detect Indentation options. These get saved inside your project’s .vscode/settings.json file.
    Perfect if you want 2-space indentation in a JS project but 4 spaces in a Python project you're working on separately.
    4. Set indentation based on programming language
    Now, here's the power-user move. Let’s say you want:
    4 spaces for Python 2 spaces for JavaScript and TypeScript Easy!
    Open the Command Palette → Preferences: Open User Settings (JSON) Add this snippet: "[python]": { "editor.tabSize": 4 }, "[javascript]": { "editor.tabSize": 2 }, "[typescript]": { "editor.tabSize": 2 } This overrides the indentation per language.
    You can find all language identifiers in the VS Code docs if you want to customize more.
    You can also drop this into your .vscode/settings.json file if you want project-level overrides.
    Bonus Tip: Convert tabs to spaces (and vice versa)
    Already working on a file but the indentation is inconsistent?
    Open the Command Palette → Type Convert Indentation Choose either:Convert Indentation to Spaces Convert Indentation to Tabs You can also do this from the status bar at the bottom.
    If you need to convert all tabs in the file to spaces:
    Press Ctrl + F Expand the search box Enable Regex (.* icon) Search for \t and replace it with two or four spaces Wrapping up
    Like word wrapping in VS Code, indentation may seem like a small thing, but it's one of the cornerstones of clean, readable code.
    Whether you're coding solo or collaborating on big projects, being consistent with indentation helps avoid annoying bugs (especially in Python!) and keeps the codebase friendly for everyone.
    VS Code makes it super easy to control indentation your way, whether you want to set it globally, per project, or even per language.
    We’ll be back soon with another helpful tip in our VS Code series.
  7. By: Linux.com Editorial Staff
    Tue, 13 May 2025 12:17:32 +0000

    Achieving and maintaining compliance with regulatory frameworks can be challenging for many organizations. Managing security controls manually often leads to excessive use of time and resources, leaving less available for strategic initiatives and business growth.
    Standards such as CMMC, HIPAA, PCI DSS, SOC2 and GDPR demand ongoing monitoring, detailed documentation, and rigorous evidence collection. Solutions like UTMStack, an open source Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) and Extended Detection and Response (XDR) solution, streamlines this complex task by leveraging its built-in log centralization, correlation, and automated compliance evaluation capabilities. This article explores how UTMStack simplifies compliance management by automating assessments, continuous monitoring, and reporting.
    Understanding Compliance Automation with UTMStack
    UTMStack inherently centralizes logs from various organizational systems, placing it in an ideal position to dynamically assess compliance controls. By continuously processing real-time data, UTMStack automatically evaluates compliance with critical controls. For instance, encryption usage, implementation of two-factor authentication (2FA) and user activity auditing among many others can be evaluated automatically.
    Figure 1: Automated evaluation of Compliance framework controls.
    Example Compliance Control Evaluations:
    Encryption Enforcement: UTMStack continuously monitors logs to identify instances where encryption is mandatory (e.g., data in transit or at rest). It evaluates real-time compliance status by checking log events to confirm whether encryption protocols such as TLS are actively enforced and alerts administrators upon detection of potential non-compliance. The following event, for example would trigger an encryption control failure:

    “message”: [{“The certificate received from the remote server was issued by an untrusted certificate authority. Because of this, none of the data contained in the certificate can be validated. The TLS connection request has failed. The attached data contains the server certificate”.}]
    Two-Factor Authentication (2FA): By aggregating authentication logs, UTMStack detects whether 2FA policies are consistently enforced across the enterprise. Compliance is assessed in real-time, and automated alerts are generated if deviations occur, allowing immediate remediation. Taking Office365 as an example, the following log would confirm the use of 2FA in a given use authentication attempt:

    ’’authenticationDetails": [
    {
    "authenticationStepDateTime": "2025-04-29T08:15:45Z",
    "authenticationMethod": "Microsoft Authenticator",
    "authenticationMethodDetail": "Push Notification", "succeeded": true,
    "authenticationStepResultDetail": "MFA requirement satisfied"
    }’’
    User Activity Auditing: UTMStack processes comprehensive activity logs from applications and systems, enabling continuous auditing of user  and devices actions. This includes monitoring privileged account usage, data access patterns, and identifying anomalous behavior indicative of compliance risks. This is a native function of UTMSatck and automatically checks the control if the required integrations are configured. No-Code Compliance Automation Builder
    One of UTMStack’s standout features is its intuitive, no-code compliance automation builder. Organizations can easily create custom compliance assessments and automated monitoring workflows tailored to their unique regulatory requirements without any programming experience. This flexibility empowers compliance teams to build bespoke compliance frameworks rapidly that update themselves and send reports on a schedule.
    Figure 2: Compliance Framework Builder with drag and drop functionality.
    Creating Custom Compliance Checks
    UTMStack’s no-code interface allows users to:
    Define custom compliance control logic visually. Establish automated real-time monitoring of specific compliance conditions. Generate and schedule tailored compliance reports. This approach significantly reduces the administrative overhead, enabling compliance teams to respond swiftly to evolving regulatory demands.
    Unified Compliance Management and Integration
    Beyond automation, UTMStack serves as a centralized compliance dashboard, where controls fulfilled externally can be manually declared compliant within the platform. This unified “pane of glass” ensures that all compliance assessments—automated and manual—are consolidated into one comprehensive view, greatly simplifying compliance audits.
    Moreover, UTMStack offers robust API capabilities, facilitating easy integration with existing Governance, Risk, and Compliance (GRC) tools, allowing seamless data exchange and further enhancing compliance management.
    Sample Use Case: CMMC Automation
    For CMMC compliance, organizations must demonstrate rigorous data security, availability, processing integrity, confidentiality, and privacy practices. UTMStack automatically evaluates controls related to these areas by analyzing continuous log data, such as firewall configurations, user access patterns, and audit trails.
    Automated reports clearly detail compliance status, including specific control numbers and levels, enabling organizations to proactively address potential issues, dramatically simplifying CMMC assessments and future audits.
    Figure 2: CMMC Compliance Control details
    Compliance Control Evidence Remediation
    When a framework control is identified as compliant, UTMStack automatically gathers the necessary evidence to demonstrate compliance. This evidence includes logs extracted from source systems and a dedicated, interactive dashboard for deeper exploration and analysis. Conversely, if the control evaluation identifies non-compliance, UTMStack employs an AI-driven technique known as Retrieval-Augmented Generation to provide remediation steps to security analysts and system engineers.
    Compliance controls for each framework are not only evaluated but also provide dashboards for better understanding and navigation:
    Figure 3: Compliance automation dashboards.
    API-First Compliance Integration
    UTMStack’s API-first approach enables compliance automation workflows to integrate effortlessly into existing IT ecosystems. Organizations leveraging various GRC platforms can easily synchronize compliance data, automate reporting, and centralize compliance evidence, thus minimizing manual data handling and significantly improving accuracy and efficiency.
    Summary
    Compliance management doesn’t have to be complicated or resource-draining. UTMStack’s open source SIEM and XDR solution simplifies and automates compliance with major standards such as CMMC, HIPAA, PCI DSS, SOC2, GDPR, and GLBA. By continuously monitoring logs, dynamically assessing compliance controls, and providing a user-friendly, no-code automation builder, UTMStack dramatically reduces complexity and enhances efficiency.
    Organizations can easily customize and automate compliance workflows, maintain continuous monitoring, and integrate seamlessly with existing compliance tools, making UTMStack an invaluable resource for streamlined compliance management.
    Join Our Community
    We’re continuously improving UTMStack and welcome contributions from the cybersecurity and compliance community.
    GitHub Discussions: Explore our codebase, submit issues, or contribute enhancements. Discord Channel: Engage with other users, share ideas, and collaborate on improvements. Your participation helps shape the future of compliance automation. Join us today!
    The post Automating Compliance Management with UTMStack’s Open Source SIEM & XDR appeared first on Linux.com.
  8. by: Chris Coyier
    Mon, 12 May 2025 17:00:57 +0000

    Sometimes we gotta get into the unglamorous parts of CSS. I mean *I* think they are pretty glamorous: new syntax, new ideas, new code doing foundational and important things. I just mean things that don’t demo terribly well. Nothing is flying across the screen, anyway.
    The Future of CSS: Construct <custom-ident> and <dashed-ident> values with ident() by Bramus Van Damme — When you go anchor-name: --name; the --name part is a custom property, right? No. It is a “custom ident”. It doesn’t have a value, it’s just a name. Things get more interesting with ident() as a function, which can help us craft them from other attributes and custom properties, making for much less repetitive code in some situations. Beating !important user agent styles (sort of) by Noah Liebman — Using !important is a pretty hardcore way for a rule to apply, made even more hardcore when used by a low level stylesheet, of which user agent styles are the lowest. So is it even possible to beat a style set that way? Click to find out. Here’s Why Your Anchor Positioning Isn’t Working by James Stuckey Weber — There is a whole host of reasons why including DOM positioning and order. If you ask Una she’ll say it’s probably the inset property. Faux Containers in CSS Grids by Tyler Sticka — Elements that stick out of their “container” is a visually compelling look. A classic way to do it is with negative margins and absolute positioning and the like. But those things are a smidge “dangerous” in that they can cause overlaps and unexpected behavior due to being out of regular flow. I like Tyler’s idea here of keeping it all contained to a grid and just making it look like it’s breaking out. Introducing @bramus/style-observer, a MutationObserver for CSS by Bramus Van Damme — A regular MutationObserver watches the DOM for changes. But not style changes. Bramus has created a version of it that does, thanks to a very newfangled CSS property that helps it work efficiently. I’m not overflowing with use case ideas, but I have a feeling that when you need it, you need it. Using the upcoming CSS when/else rules by Christiana Uloma — There is a working draft spec for @when/@else so while these aren’t real right now, maybe they will be? The if() function seems more real and maybe that is enough here? The if() function would just be a value though not a whole block of stuff, so maybe we’ll get both.
  9. by: Ryan Trimble
    Mon, 12 May 2025 12:42:10 +0000

    Friends, I’ve been on the hunt for a decent content management system for static sites for… well, about as long as we’ve all been calling them “static sites,” honestly.
    I know, I know: there are a ton of content management system options available, and while I’ve tested several, none have really been the one, y’know? Weird pricing models, difficult customization, some even end up becoming a whole ‘nother thing to manage.
    Also, I really enjoy building with site generators such as Astro or Eleventy, but pitching Markdown as the means of managing content is less-than-ideal for many “non-techie” folks.
    A few expectations for content management systems might include:
    Easy to use: The most important feature, why you might opt to use a content management system in the first place. Minimal Requirements: Look, I’m just trying to update some HTML, I don’t want to think too much about database tables. Collaboration: CMS tools work best when multiple contributors work together, contributors who probably don’t know Markdown or what GitHub is. Customizable: No website is the same, so we’ll need to be able to make custom fields for different types of content. Not a terribly long list of demands, I’d say; fairly reasonable, even. That’s why I was happy to discover Pages CMS.
    According to its own home page, Pages CMS is the “The No-Hassle CMS for Static Site Generators,” and I’ll to attest to that. Pages CMS has largely been developed by a single developer, Ronan Berder, but is open source, and accepting pull requests over on GitHub.
    Taking a lot of the “good parts” found in other CMS tools, and a single configuration file, Pages CMS combines things into a sleek user interface.
    Pages CMS includes lots of options for customization, you can upload media, make editable files, and create entire collections of content. Also, content can have all sorts of different fields, check the docs for the full list of supported types, as well as completely custom fields.
    There isn’t really a “back end” to worry about, as content is stored as flat files inside your git repository. Pages CMS provides folks the ability to manage the content within the repo, without needing to actually know how to use Git, and I think that’s neat.
    User Authentication works two ways: contributors can log in using GitHub accounts, or contributors can be invited by email, where they’ll receive a password-less, “magic-link,” login URL. This is nice, as GitHub accounts are less common outside of the dev world, shocking, I know.
    Oh, and Pages CMS has a very cheap barrier for entry, as it’s free to use.
    Pages CMS and Astro content collections
    I’ve created a repository on GitHub with Astro and Pages CMS using Astro’s default blog starter, and made it available publicly, so feel free to clone and follow along.
    I’ve been a fan of Astro for a while, and Pages CMS works well alongside Astro’s content collection feature. Content collections make globs of data easily available throughout Astro, so you can hydrate content inside Astro pages. These globs of data can be from different sources, such as third-party APIs, but commonly as directories of Markdown files. Guess what Pages CMS is really good at? Managing directories of Markdown files!
    Content collections are set up by a collections configuration file. Check out the src/content.config.ts file in the project, here we are defining a content collection named blog:
    import { glob } from 'astro/loaders'; import { defineCollection, z } from 'astro:content'; const blog = defineCollection({ // Load Markdown in the `src/content/blog/` directory. loader: glob({ base: './src/content/blog', pattern: '**/*.md' }), // Type-check frontmatter using a schema schema: z.object({ title: z.string(), description: z.string(), // Transform string to Date object pubDate: z.coerce.date(), updatedDate: z.coerce.date().optional(), heroImage: z.string().optional(), }), }); export const collections = { blog }; The blog content collection checks the /src/content/blog directory for files matching the **/*.md file type, the Markdown file format. The schema property is optional, however, Astro provides helpful type-checking functionality with Zod, ensuring data saved by Pages CMS works as expected in your Astro site.
    Pages CMS Configuration
    Alright, now that Astro knows where to look for blog content, let’s take a look at the Pages CMS configuration file, .pages.config.yml:
    content: - name: blog label: Blog path: src/content/blog filename: '{year}-{month}-{day}-{fields.title}.md' type: collection view: fields: [heroImage, title, pubDate] fields: - name: title label: Title type: string - name: description label: Description type: text - name: pubDate label: Publication Date type: date options: format: MM/dd/yyyy - name: updatedDate label: Last Updated Date type: date options: format: MM/dd/yyyy - name: heroImage label: Hero Image type: image - name: body label: Body type: rich-text - name: site-settings label: Site Settings path: src/config/site.json type: file fields: - name: title label: Website title type: string - name: description label: Website description type: string description: Will be used for any page with no description. - name: url label: Website URL type: string pattern: ^(https?:\/\/)?(www\.)?[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}(\/[^\s]*)?$ - name: cover label: Preview image type: image description: Image used in the social preview on social networks (e.g. Facebook, Twitter...) media: input: public/media output: /media There is a lot going on in there, but inside the content section, let’s zoom in on the blog object.
    - name: blog label: Blog path: src/content/blog filename: '{year}-{month}-{day}-{fields.title}.md' type: collection view: fields: [heroImage, title, pubDate] fields: - name: title label: Title type: string - name: description label: Description type: text - name: pubDate label: Publication Date type: date options: format: MM/dd/yyyy - name: updatedDate label: Last Updated Date type: date options: format: MM/dd/yyyy - name: heroImage label: Hero Image type: image - name: body label: Body type: rich-text We can point Pages CMS to the directory we want to save Markdown files using the path property, matching it up to the /src/content/blog/ location Astro looks for content.
    path: src/content/blog For the filename we can provide a pattern template to use when Pages CMS saves the file to the content collection directory. In this case, it’s using the file date’s year, month, and day, as well as the blog item’s title, by using fields.title to reference the title field. The filename can be customized in many different ways, to fit your scenario.
    filename: '{year}-{month}-{day}-{fields.title}.md' The type property tells Pages CMS that this is a collection of files, rather than a single editable file (we’ll get to that in a moment).
    type: collection In our Astro content collection configuration, we define our blog collection with the expectation that the files will contain a few bits of meta data such as: title, description, pubDate, and a few more properties.
    We can mirror those requirements in our Pages CMS blog collection as fields. Each field can be customized for the type of data you’re looking to collect. Here, I’ve matched these fields up with the default Markdown frontmatter found in the Astro blog starter.
    fields: - name: title label: Title type: string - name: description label: Description type: text - name: pubDate label: Publication Date type: date options: format: MM/dd/yyyy - name: updatedDate label: Last Updated Date type: date options: format: MM/dd/yyyy - name: heroImage label: Hero Image type: image - name: body label: Body type: rich-text Now, every time we create a new blog item in Pages CMS, we’ll be able to fill out each of these fields, matching the expected schema for Astro.
    Aside from collections of content, Pages CMS also lets you manage editable files, which is useful for a variety of things: site wide variables, feature flags, or even editable navigations.
    Take a look at the site-settings object, here we are setting the type as file, and the path includes the filename site.json.
    - name: site-settings label: Site Settings path: src/config/site.json type: file fields: - name: title label: Website title type: string - name: description label: Website description type: string description: Will be used for any page with no description. - name: url label: Website URL type: string pattern: ^(https?:\/\/)?(www\.)?[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}(\/[^\s]*)?$ - name: cover label: Preview image type: image description: Image used in the social preview on social networks (e.g. Facebook, Twitter...) The fields I’ve included are common site-wide settings, such as the site’s title, description, url, and cover image.
    Speaking of images, we can tell Pages CMS where to store media such as images and video.
    media: input: public/media output: /media The input property explains where to store the files, in the /public/media directory within our project.
    The output property is a helpful little feature that conveniently replaces the file path, specifically for tools that might require specific configuration. For example, Astro uses Vite under the hood, and Vite already knows about the public directory and complains if it’s included within file paths. Instead, we can set the output property so Pages CMS will only point image path locations starting at the inner /media directory instead.
    To see what I mean, check out the test post in the src/content/blog/ folder:
    --- title: 'Test Post' description: 'Here is a sample of some basic Markdown syntax that can be used when writing Markdown content in Astro.' pubDate: 05/03/2025 heroImage: '/media/blog-placeholder-1.jpg' --- The heroImage now property properly points to /media/... instead of /public/media/....
    As far as configurations are concerned, Pages CMS can be as simple or as complex as necessary. You can add as many collections or editable files as needed, as well as customize the fields for each type of content. This gives you a lot of flexibility to create sites!
    Connecting to Pages CMS
    Now that we have our Astro site set up, and a .pages.config.yml file, we can connect our site to the Pages CMS online app. As the developer who controls the repository, browse to https://app.pagescms.org/ and sign in using your GitHub account.
    You should be presented with some questions about permissions, you may need to choose between giving access to all repositories or specific ones. Personally, I chose to only give access to a single repository, which in this case is my astro-pages-cms-template repo.
    After providing access to the repo, head on back to the Pages CMS application, where you’ll see your project listed under the “Open a Project” headline.
    Clicking the open link will take you into the website’s dashboard, where we’ll be able to make updates to our site.
    Creating content
    Taking a look at our site’s dashboard, we’ll see a navigation on the left side, with some familiar things.
    Blog is the collection we set up inside the .pages.config.yml file, this will be where we we can add new entries to the blog. Site Settings is the editable file we are using to make changes to site-wide variables. Media is where our images and other content will live. Settings is a spot where we’ll be able to edit our .pages.config.yml file directly. Collaborators allows us to invite other folks to contribute content to the site. We can create a new blog post by clicking the Add Entry button in the top right
    Here we can fill out all the fields for our blog content, then hit the Save button.
    After saving, Pages CMS will create the Markdown file, store the file in the proper directory, and automatically commit the changes to our repository. This is how Pages CMS helps us manage our content without needing to use git directly.
    Automatically deploying
    The only thing left to do is set up automated deployments through the service provider of your choice. Astro has integrations with providers like Netlify, Cloudflare Pages, and Vercel, but can be hosted anywhere you can run node applications.
    Astro is typically very fast to build (thanks to Vite), so while site updates won’t be instant, they will still be fairly quick to deploy. If your site is set up to use Astro’s server-side rendering capabilities, rather than a completely static site, the changes might be much faster to deploy.
    Wrapping up
    Using a template as reference, we checked out how Astro content collections work alongside Pages CMS. We also learned how to connect our project repository to the Pages CMS app, and how to make content updates through the dashboard. Finally, if you are able, don’t forget to set up an automated deployment, so content publishes quickly.
    Using Pages CMS for Static Site Content Management originally published on CSS-Tricks, which is part of the DigitalOcean family. You should get the newsletter.
  10. by: Abhishek Kumar
    Sat, 10 May 2025 06:49:14 GMT

    Sometimes I do weird things for the sake of it. Like once, I used Raspberry Pi as a WiFi extender for fun. This is one of those stories.
    I had an old pair of hi-fi speakers gathering dust in a forgotten corner of the house.
    The only problem? They needed a Bluetooth dongle and DAC to work, and I didn’t have either. But with my love for DIY and a determination to salvage my musical aspirations, I decided to take a different route.
    I thought of giving my old speakers a new life by if converting them into Bluetooth speakers. In this article, I’ll take you through my journey of reviving these old speakers.
    From putting together a DAC, connecting both speakers, and grappling with my first soldering iron (spoiler: it wasn’t pretty), to finally using my old Raspberry Pi 3 as the brains behind a fully functional Bluetooth speaker system.
    It wasn’t perfect, but the experience taught me a lot and gave me a setup that delivers impressive sound without spending a fortune.
    Let’s dive into the details!
    What I used
    I gathered a mix of new and existing components. Here’s everything I used for this project:
    Two Hi-Fi Speakers: These were the stars of the show— old obviously that had been lying unused for years. Their sound potential was too good to ignore, and this project was all about giving them a second chance.
    Yep, I forgot to clean the speakers before capturing this pictureDAC Chipset: A Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) was essential to drive the speakers. I used a basic DAC module that supported input from a 3.5mm jack and output for the speakers.
    You need to check your speakers before ordering a DAC for yourself, It provides a stereo output of 30W each and requires 12-24VSoldering Iron: This was my first time using a soldering iron, and let’s just say my initial attempts were far from perfect. I used it to solder the speaker wires to the DAC, which was crucial for connecting the entire system.
    Simple ol' soldering iron, nothing fancy here. It gets the job done.12V 2A Power Supply: To power the DAC, I used a 12V 2A adapter. Make sure your power supply matches the specifications of your DAC module for safe and efficient operation.
    3.5mm Audio Cable: This was used to connect the DAC’s audio output to the Raspberry Pi’s 3.5mm jack.
    Raspberry Pi 3: I used an old Raspberry Pi 3 that I had lying around. Any Raspberry Pi model with a 3.5mm jack will work for this project, but if you have a newer model with HDMI-only output, additional configuration may be required.
    My Raspberry Pi 3With these items in hand, I was ready to transform my speakers into a powerful Bluetooth system.
    If you’re planning to try or follow along this project, you should likely already have some of these components at home, making it a cost-effective way to repurpose old equipment.
    Connecting the DAC with the Speakers
    The DAC I ordered didn’t come with convenient connectors, so I had to get my hands dirty—literally.
    I rummaged through my dad’s toolbox and found an old soldering iron, which I hadn’t used before. After watching a couple of quick tutorials online, I felt brave enough to give it a shot.
    Soldering the speaker wires to the DAC wasn’t as straightforward as I had imagined. But after a few tries, and a lot of patience, I managed to secure the wires in place.
    Here's you can see my exceptional soldering skills Before closing the speaker lids, I decided to test the connection directly. I powered up the DAC, connected it to the speakers, and played some music through a temporary audio input.
    To my relief, sound filled the room. It wasn’t perfect yet, but it was enough to confirm that my soldering job worked.
    With the DAC connected, I was ready to move on to the next part of the build!
    Adding Bluetooth functionality with Raspberry Pi
    There are countless guides and projects for turning a Raspberry Pi into a Bluetooth receiver, but I stumbled upon a GitHub project that stood out for its simplicity. It is called Raspberry Pi Audio Receiver.
    The project had a script that automated the entire setup process, including installing all necessary dependencies. Here’s how I did it:
    Download the Installation Script
    First, I downloaded the script directly from the GitHub repository:
    wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nicokaiser/rpi-audio-receiver/main/install.shRun the Script
    bash install.shFor first-timers or DIY enthusiasts new to this, the installation screen might seem a bit overwhelming. You’ll be prompted several times to install various components and make decisions about the setup.
    Don’t worry, I’ll break down what’s happening so you can follow along with confidence.
    Hostname:
    The script lets you set up the hostname (the internal name for your Raspberry Pi) and a visible device name (referred to as the "pretty hostname").

    This visible name is what other devices will see when connecting via Bluetooth, AirPlay, or Spotify Connect. For example, you could name it something like DIY-Speakers.
    Bluetooth Configuration:
    The script installs Bluetooth-related packages and sets up an agent to accept all incoming connections.

    The Pi is configured to play audio via ALSA (Advanced Linux Sound Architecture), and a smart script disables Bluetooth discoverability whenever the Pi is connected to a device.
    AirPlay 2 Setup:
    This feature installs Shairport Sync, allowing the Raspberry Pi to act as an AirPlay 2 receiver. It’s perfect for Apple users who want to stream music directly from their devices.
    Spotify Connect:
    Finally, the script installs Raspotify, an open-source Spotify client for Raspberry Pi. This enables the Raspberry Pi to act as a Spotify Connect device, letting you stream music straight from the Spotify app on your phone or computer.
    Each step is straightforward, but you’ll need to be present during the installation to approve certain steps and provide input.
    This process takes about 5 minutes to complete, but once done, your Raspberry Pi transforms into a multi-functional audio receiver, supporting Bluetooth, AirPlay 2, and Spotify Connect.
    Testing the DIY Bluetooth speakers
    With the hardware setup complete and the Raspberry Pi configured as a Bluetooth audio receiver, it was time for the moment of truth - testing the DIY speakers.
    The goal was to see how well this entire setup performed and whether all the effort I put in was worth it.
    To test the system, I decided to connect the speakers to my smartphone via Bluetooth.
    Sorry for the image quality, had to use an old phone to capture this imageAfter pairing, I opened my music app and selected a random song to play. The sound flowed seamlessly through the speakers.
    I’ll admit, hearing music come out of the old hi-fi speakers felt incredibly rewarding. It was proof that all the soldering, scripting, and configuring had paid off.
    How did It perform?
    Audio Quality: The sound quality was surprisingly good for a DIY setup. The DAC delivered clear audio with no noise, and the hi-fi speakers held up well despite being unused for a long time. Bluetooth Range: The range was decent since my Pi is in this plastic enclosure, I could move around my room and still maintain a stable connection. Responsiveness: There was no noticeable delay or lag in audio playback, whether I streamed music or used Spotify Connect. Final thoughts
    This project was a blend of frustration, curiosity, and pure DIY joy. What started as an attempt to salvage some old, forgotten hi-fi speakers turned into a rewarding learning experience.
    From figuring out how to solder for the first time (and not doing a great job) to repurposing my old Raspberry Pi 3 as a Bluetooth receiver, every step had its challenges but that’s what made it so satisfying.
    The best part? Hearing music blast through those old speakers again, knowing I brought them back to life with a bit of effort and creativity.
    It’s proof that you don’t always need to spend a fortune to enjoy modern tech; sometimes, all it takes is what you already have lying around and a willingness to tinker.
    If you’ve got old speakers collecting dust, I highly recommend giving this a shot. It’s not just about the outcome; the journey itself is worth it.

    How I Turned my Raspberry Pi into a Wi-Fi extenderHere is how I re-purposed my Raspberry Pi to a Wi-Fi extender! A good way to spend your weekend with your Raspberry Pi.It's FOSSAbhishek Kumar 💬 And if you did something like this in your home setup, please share it in the comments. I and other readers may get some interesting ideas for the next weekend projects.
  11. by: Abhishek Prakash
    Fri, 09 May 2025 20:17:53 +0530

    In the past few months, some readers have requested to increase the frequency of the newsletter to weekly, instead of bi-monthly.
    What do you think? Are you happy with the current frequency, or do you want these emails each week?
    Also, what would you like to see more? Linux tips, devops tutorials or lesser known tools?
    Your feedback will shape this newsletter. Just hit the reply button. I read and answer to each of them.
    Here are the highlights of this edition :
    TaskCrafter: A YAML-based task scheduler Docker logging guide cdd command (no, that's not a typo) This edition of LHB Linux Digest is supported by ANY.RUN. 🎫 Free Webinar | How SOC Teams Save Time with ANY.RUN: Action Plan
    Trusted by 15,000+ organizations, ANY.RUN knows how to solve SOC challenges. Join team leads, managers, and security pros to learn expert methods on how to:  
    Increase detection of complex attacks   Speed up alert & incident response   Improve training & team coordination   Book your seat for the webinar here.
    How SOC Teams Save Time and Effort with ANY.RUN: Action PlanDiscover expert solutions for SOC challenges, with hands-on lessons to improve detection, triage, and threat visibility with ANY.RUN.  
     
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  12. by: John Rhea
    Thu, 08 May 2025 12:33:29 +0000

    I recently updated my portfolio at johnrhea.com. (If you’re looking to add a CSS or front-end engineer with storytelling and animation skills to your team, I’m your guy.) I liked the look of a series of planets I’d created for another personal project and decided to reuse them on my new site. Part of that was also reusing an animation I’d built circa 2019, where a moon orbited around the planet.
    Initially, I just plopped the animations into the new site, only changing the units (em units to viewport units using some complicated math that I was very, very proud of) so that they would scale properly because I’m… efficient with my time. However, on mobile, the planet would move up a few pixels and down a few pixels as the moons orbited around it. I suspected the plopped-in animation was the culprit (it wasn’t, but at least I got some optimized animation and an article out of the deal).
    Here’s the original animation:
    CodePen Embed Fallback My initial animation for the moon ran for 60 seconds. I’m folding it inside a disclosure widget because, at 141 lines, it’s stupid long (and, as we’ll see, emphasis on the stupid). Here it is in all its “glory”:
    Open code #moon1 { animation: moon-one 60s infinite; } @keyframes moon-one { 0% { transform: translate(0, 0) scale(1); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 5% { transform: translate(-3.51217391vw, 3.50608696vw) scale(1.5); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 9.9% { z-index: 2; } 10% { transform: translate(-5.01043478vw, 6.511304348vw) scale(1); z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 15% { transform: translate(1.003478261vw, 2.50608696vw) scale(0.25); z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 19.9% { z-index: -1; } 20% { transform: translate(0, 0) scale(1); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 25% { transform: translate(-3.51217391vw, 3.50608696vw) scale(1.5); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 29.9% { z-index: 2; } 30% { transform: translate(-5.01043478vw, 6.511304348vw) scale(1); z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 35% { transform: translate(1.003478261vw, 2.50608696vw) scale(0.25); z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 39.9% { z-index: -1; } 40% { transform: translate(0, 0) scale(1); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 45% { transform: translate(-3.51217391vw, 3.50608696vw) scale(1.5); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 49.9% { z-index: 2; } 50% { transform: translate(-5.01043478vw, 6.511304348vw) scale(1); z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 55% { transform: translate(1.003478261vw, 2.50608696vw) scale(0.25); z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 59.9% { z-index: -1; } 60% { transform: translate(0, 0) scale(1); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 65% { transform: translate(-3.51217391vw, 3.50608696vw) scale(1.5); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 69.9% { z-index: 2; } 70% { transform: translate(-5.01043478vw, 6.511304348vw) scale(1); z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 75% { transform: translate(1.003478261vw, 2.50608696vw) scale(0.25); z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 79.9% { z-index: -1; } 80% { transform: translate(0, 0) scale(1); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 85% { transform: translate(-3.51217391vw, 3.50608696vw) scale(1.5); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 89.9% { z-index: 2; } 90% { transform: translate(-5.01043478vw, 6.511304348vw) scale(1); z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 95% { transform: translate(1.003478261vw, 2.50608696vw) scale(0.25); z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 99.9% { z-index: -1; } 100% { transform: translate(0, 0) scale(1); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } } If you look at the keyframes in that code, you’ll notice that the 0% to 20% keyframes are exactly the same as 20% to 40% and so on up through 100%. Why I decided to repeat the keyframes five times infinitely instead of just repeating one set infinitely is a decision lost to antiquity, like six years ago in web time. We can also drop the duration to 12 seconds (one-fifth of sixty) if we were doing our due diligence.
    I could thus delete everything from 20% on, instantly dropping the code down to 36 lines. And yes, I realize gains like this are unlikely to be possible on most sites, but this is the first step for optimizing things.
    #moon1 { animation: moon-one 12s infinite; } @keyframes moon-one { 0% { transform: translate(0, 0) scale(1); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 5% { transform: translate(-3.51217391vw, 3.50608696vw) scale(1.5); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 9.9% { z-index: 2; } 10% { transform: translate(-5.01043478vw, 6.511304348vw) scale(1); z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 15% { transform: translate(1.003478261vw, 2.50608696vw) scale(0.25); z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 19.9% { z-index: -1; } 20% { transform: translate(0, 0) scale(1); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } } Now that we’ve gotten rid of 80% of the overwhelming bits, we can see that there are five main keyframes and two additional ones that set the z-index close to the middle and end of the animation (these prevent the moon from dropping behind the planet or popping out from behind the planet too early). We can change these five points from 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% to 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% (and since the 0% and the former 20% are the same, we can remove that one, too). Also, since the 10% keyframe above is switching to 50%, the 9.9% keyframe can move to 49.9%, and the 19.9% keyframe can switch to 99.9%, giving us this:
    #moon1 { animation: moon-one 12s infinite; } @keyframes moon-one { 0%, 100% { transform: translate(0, 0) scale(1); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 25% { transform: translate(-3.51217391vw, 3.50608696vw) scale(1.5); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 49.9% { z-index: 2; } 50% { transform: translate(-5.01043478vw, 6.511304348vw) scale(1); z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 75% { transform: translate(1.003478261vw, 2.50608696vw) scale(0.25); z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 99.9% { z-index: -1; } } Though I was very proud of myself for my math wrangling, numbers like -3.51217391vw are really, really unnecessary. If a screen was one thousand pixels wide, -3.51217391vw would be 35.1217391 pixels. No one ever needs to go down to the precision of a ten-millionth of a pixel. So, let’s round everything to the tenth place (and if it’s a 0, we’ll just drop it). We can also skip z-index in the 75% and 25% keyframes since it doesn’t change.
    Here’s where that gets us in the code:
    #moon1 { animation: moon-one 12s infinite; } @keyframes moon-one { 0%, 100% { transform: translate(0, 0) scale(1); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 25% { transform: translate(-3.5vw, 3.5vw) scale(1.5); z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 49.9% { z-index: 2; } 50% { transform: translate(-5vw, 6.5vw) scale(1); z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 75% { transform: translate(1vw, 2.5vw) scale(0.25); z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 99.9% { z-index: -1; } } After all our changes, the animation still looks pretty close to what it was before, only way less code:
    CodePen Embed Fallback One of the things I don’t like about this animation is that the moon kind of turns at its zenith when it crosses the planet. It would be much better if it traveled in a straight line from the upper right to the lower left. However, we also need it to get a little larger, as if the moon is coming closer to us in its orbit. Because both translation and scaling were done in the transform property, I can’t translate and scale the moon independently.
    If we skip either one in the transform property, it resets the one we skipped, so I’m forced to guess where the mid-point should be so that I can set the scale I need. One way I’ve solved this in the past is to add a wrapping element, then apply scale to one element and translate to the other. However, now that we have individual scale and translate properties, a better way is to separate them from the transform property and use them as separate properties. Separating out the translation and scaling shouldn’t change anything, unless the original order they were declared on the transform property was different than the order of the singular properties.
    #moon1 { animation: moon-one 12s infinite; } @keyframes moon-one { 0%, 100% { translate: 0 0; scale: 1; z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 25% { translate: -3.5vw 3.5vw; z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 49.9% { z-index: 2; } 50% { translate: -5vw 6.5vw; scale: 1; z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 75% { translate: 1vw 2.5vw; scale: 0.25; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 99.9% { z-index: -1; } } Now that we can separate the scale and translate properties and use them independently, we can drop the translate property in the 25% and 75% keyframes because we don’t want them placed precisely in that keyframe. We want the browser’s interpolation to take care of that for us so that it translates smoothly while scaling.
    #moon1 { animation: moon-one 12s infinite; } @keyframes moon-one { 0%, 100% { translate: 0 0; scale: 1; z-index: 2; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 25% { scale: 1.5; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 49.9% { z-index: 2; } 50% { translate: -5vw 6.5vw; scale: 1; z-index: -1; animation-timing-function: ease-in; } 75% { scale: 0.25; animation-timing-function: ease-out; } 99.9% { z-index: -1; } } CodePen Embed Fallback Lastly, those different timing functions don’t make a lot of sense anymore because we’ve got the browser working for us, and if we use an ease-in-out timing function on everything, then it should do exactly what we want.
    #moon1 { animation: moon-one 12s infinite ease-in-out; } @keyframes moon-one { 0%, 100% { translate: 0 0; scale: 1; z-index: 2; } 25% { scale: 1.5; } 49.9% { z-index: 2; } 50% { translate: -5vw 6.5vw; scale: 1; z-index: -1; } 75% { scale: 0.25; } 99.9% { z-index: -1; } } CodePen Embed Fallback And there you go: 141 lines down to 28, and I think the animation looks even better than before. It will certainly be easier to maintain, that’s for sure.
    But what do you think? Was there an optimization step I missed? Let me know in the comments.
    Orbital Mechanics (or How I Optimized a CSS Keyframes Animation) originally published on CSS-Tricks, which is part of the DigitalOcean family. You should get the newsletter.
  13. by: Abhishek Prakash
    Thu, 08 May 2025 05:54:15 GMT

    Rust everywhere! It was included in the Linux kernel code a couple of years ago. And even before that happened, a race started to re-write tools into Rust.
    14 Rust Tools for Linux Terminal DwellersRust-powered tools for the terminal? Here are some of the best options as alternatives to some popular command-line tools!It's FOSSSreenathAnd now it seems that Ubuntu is relying heavily on Rust re-implementations. In the upcoming Ubuntu 25.10, you'll see GNU Coreutils replaced with Rust-based uutils. The classic sudo command will also be replaced by Rust-based sudo-rs.
    Ubuntu 25.10 is Switching to Rust-based SudoThe upcoming Ubuntu release will use sudo-rs instead of sudo.It's FOSS NewsSourav RudraToo much of Rust? What do you think?
    💬 Let's see what else you get in this edition
    Curl saying no to AI slop. Redis returning to its open source roots. Detailed terminal customization video KDE being done with Plasma LTS releases. And other Linux news, tips, and, of course, memes! This edition of FOSS Weekly is supported by AWS Valkey. ❇️ Scale Your Real-Time Apps with Amazon ElastiCache Serverless for Valkey
    What’s Valkey? Valkey is the most permissive open source alternative to Redis stewarded by the Linux Foundation, which means it will always be open source.
    What’s Amazon ElastiCache Serverless for Valkey? It’s a serverless, fully managed caching service delivering microsecond latency performance at 33% lower cost than other supported engines.
    Even better, you can upgrade from ElastiCache for Redis OSS to ElastiCache for Valkey with zero downtime.
    Don’t just take our word for it – customers are already seeing improvements in speed, responsiveness, and cost.
    Try Amazon ElastiCache for Valkey and feel the difference.
    Valkey-, Memcached-, and Redis OSS-Compatible Cache - Amazon ElastiCache Customers - AWSLearn how customers are using Amazon ElastiCache for for their caching needs.Amazon Web Services, Inc.📰 Linux and Open Source News
    KDE Plasma LTS releases are no more. UN ditched Google Forms for this open source solution. AdGuard 1.0 has been released for Linux. Redis is open source again with an OSI approved license. The OSU's Open Source Lab is in urgent need of funding. Grafana 12 and Grafana Assistant were announced at GrafanaCon 2025. Mission Center 1.0 is a release packed with many nice changes.
    Mission Center Hits A 1.0 Release! Making it the Best GUI System Monitor for LinuxMission Center 1.0 is here with a refined interface and many cool features.It's FOSS NewsSourav Rudra🧠 What We’re Thinking About
    AI slop doesn't look like it will stop any time soon, but curl has put a stop to it in its bug bounty program.
    Curl is Done With AI SlopThe curl project is cracking down on low-quality AI-generated bug reports.It's FOSS NewsSourav Rudra🧮 Linux Tips, Tutorials and More
    Ever wondered what is LUKS Encryption? Learn how to enable or disable word wrap in VS Code. Your Logseq setup isn't complete without these 7 plugins. Install DOSBox in Ubuntu to play retro games on a modern Linux system. I have always considered Kazam to be the best screen recorder for Linux. For the past several years, it didn't see any development. But finally, there is Kazam 2.0 with newer features now.
    Record Screen in Ubuntu Linux With Kazam [Beginner’s Guide]This tutorial shows you how to install Kazam screen recorder and explains how to record the screen in Ubuntu. The guide also lists useful shortcuts and handy tips for using Kazam.It's FOSSAbhishek Prakash Why should you opt for It's FOSS Plus membership:
    ✅ Ad-free reading experience
    ✅ Badges in the comment section and forum
    ✅ Supporting creation of educational Linux materials
    Join It's FOSS Plus 👷 Homelab and Maker's Corner
    I review SunFounder's 10-inch DIY touch screen display.
    SunFounder Touchscreen review: Add a Premium Touch to Your SBCTransform your Raspberry Pi into a versatile interactive device with SunFounder’s 10-inch touchscreen. Here’s my experience with this device.It's FOSSAbhishek Prakash🎟️ Free Webinar | How SOC Teams Save Time with ANY.RUN: Action Plan
    Trusted by 15,000+ organizations, ANY.RUN knows how to solve SOC challenges. Join team leads, managers, and security pros to learn expert methods on how to:  
    Increase detection of complex attacks   Speed up alert & incident response   Improve training & team coordination   Tune in to the LIVE webinar on May 14, 3:00 PM GMT ✨ Apps Highlight
    Don't get lost in words, install this open source dictionary app to always have a dependable resource at hand.
    freeDictionaryApp: Open Source Android App That Helps You Get Information on a WordAn easy way to get additional information about a word!It's FOSS NewsSourav Rudra📽️ Videos I am Creating for You
    A step-by-step video tutorial to transform your functional but boring terminal into an eye candy with additional features.
    Subscribe to It's FOSS YouTube Channel🧩 Quiz Time
    Can you correctly Guess the Linux apps in this crossword?
    Guess the Linux Apps: CrosswordYou have seen them around you and perhaps used them all, too. Can you solve this crossword by correctly guessing the Linux software?It's FOSSAbhishek Prakash💡 Quick Handy Tip
    With GNOME Tweaks, you can set app window focus from "Click to Focus" to "Focus on Hover". For doing that, open GNOME Tweaks and go into the Windows tab. Here, under Window Focus, click on "Focus on Hover". Now, enable the "Raise Windows When Focused" toggle button.
    With this, whenever you hover over another window, it will be automatically focused. The window won't lose focus when the cursor is on the desktop. To revert to stock behavior, click on the "Click to Focus" option.
    🤣 Meme of the Week
    The list never ends! 🥲
    🗓️ Tech Trivia
    After Commodore declared bankruptcy in 1994, German company Escom AG bought its name and tech for $10 million, aiming to revive the iconic Amiga, but eventually sold the rights instead.
    🧑‍🤝‍🧑 FOSSverse Corner
    Regular FOSSer Rosika has created a file management script for Android and Linux.
    File management script for Android and LinuxHi all, 👋 I don´t know whether the following would be of any interest to any of you but I thought I´d post it here anyway. 😊 Often enough there´s a situation in which I find myself obliged to scan physical documents (i.e. documents on paper) in order to produce a digital equivalent of them. In most cases I need to have them in digital format for being able to quickly and easily access them e.g. when dealing my income tax return. Anyhow, due the setup of my computer peripherals it´s…It's FOSS CommunityRosika❤️ With love
    Share it with your Linux-using friends and encourage them to subscribe (hint: it's here).
    Share the articles in Linux Subreddits and community forums.
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    Opt for It's FOSS Plus membership and support us 🙏
    Enjoy FOSS 😄
  14. by: Sunkanmi Fafowora
    Wed, 07 May 2025 12:25:19 +0000

    Okay, nobody is an exaggeration, but have you seen the stats for hwb()? They show a steep decline, and after working a lot on color in the CSS-Tricks almanac, I’ve just been wondering why that is.
    hwb() is a color function in the sRGB color space, which is the same color space used by rgb(), hsl() and the older hexadecimal color format (e.g. #f8a100). hwb() is supposed to be more intuitive and easier to work with than hsl(). I kinda get why it’s considered “easier” since you specify how much black or white you want to add to a given color. But, how is hwb() more intuitive than hsl()?
    According to Google, the term “intuitive” means “what one feels to be true even without conscious reasoning; instinctive.” As such, it does truly seem that hwb() is more intuitive than hsl(), but it’s only a slight notable difference that makes that true.
    Let’s consider an example with a color. We’ll declare light orange in both hsl() and hwb():
    /* light orange in hsl */ .element-1 { color: hsl(30deg 100% 75%); } /* light orange in hwb() */ .element-2 { color: hwb(30deg 50% 0%); } These two functions produce the exact same color, but while hwb() handles ligthness with two arguments, hsl() does it with just one, leaving one argument for the saturation. By comparison, hwb() provides no clear intuitive way to set just the saturation. I’d argue that makes the hwb() function less intuitive than hsl().
    I think another reason that hsl() is generally more intuitive than hwb() is that HSL as a color model was created in the 1970s while HWB as a color model was created in 1996. We’ve had much more time to get acquainted with hsl() than we have hwb(). hsl() was implemented by browsers as far back as 2008, Safari being the first and other browsers following suit. Meanwhile, hwb() gained support as recently as 2021! That’s more than a 10-year gap between functions when it comes to using them and being familiar with them.
    There’s also the fact that other color functions that are used to represent colors in other color spaces — such as lab(), lch(), oklab(), and oklch() — offer more advantages, such as access to more colors in the color gamut and perceptual uniformity. So, maybe being intuitive is coming at the expense of having a more robust feature set, which could explain why you might go with a less intuitive function that doesn’t use sRGB.
    Look, I can get around the idea of controlling how white or black you want a color to look based on personal preferences, and for designers, it’s maybe easier to mix colors that way. But I honestly would not opt for this as my go-to color function in the sRGB color space because hsl() does something similar using the same hue, but with saturation and lightness as the parameters which is far more intuitive than what hwb() offers.
    I see our web friend, Stefan Judis, preferring hsl() over hwb() in his article on hwb().
    Lea Verou even brought up the idea of removing hwb() from the spec in 2022, but a decision was made to leave it as it was since browsers were already implementing the function. And although,I was initially pained by the idea of keeping hwb() around, I also quite understand the feeling of working on something, and then seeing it thrown in the bin. Once we’ve introduced something, it’s always tough to walk it back, especially when it comes to maintaining backwards compatibility, which is a core tenet of the web.
    I would like to say something though: lab(), lch(), oklab(), oklch() are already here and are better color functions than hwb(). I, for one, would encourage using them over hwb() because they support so many more colors that are simply missing from the hsl() and hwb() functions.
    I’ve been exploring colors for quite some time now, so any input would be extremely helpful. What color functions are you using in your everyday website or web application, and why?
    More on color
    Almanac on Feb 22, 2025 hsl()
    .element { color: hsl(90deg, 50%, 50%); } color Sunkanmi Fafowora Almanac on Mar 4, 2025 lab()
    .element { color: lab(50% 50% 50% / 0.5); } color Sunkanmi Fafowora Almanac on Mar 12, 2025 lch()
    .element { color: lch(10% 0.215 15deg); } color Sunkanmi Fafowora Almanac on Apr 29, 2025 oklab()
    .element { color: oklab(25.77% 25.77% 54.88%; } color Sunkanmi Fafowora Almanac on Apr 3, 2025 oklch()
    .element { color: oklch(70% 0.15 240); } color Gabriel Shoyombo Why is Nobody Using the hwb() Color Function? originally published on CSS-Tricks, which is part of the DigitalOcean family. You should get the newsletter.
  15. by: Abhishek Kumar
    Wed, 07 May 2025 11:06:19 GMT

    Word wrap automatically breaks a long line of text so it fits within your current editor window, without you needing to scroll horizontally. It doesn’t add line breaks to your file; it just wraps it visually.
    Picture this: You’re writing a long JavaScript function or a long SQL query. Without word wrap, you’d be endlessly dragging that horizontal scrollbar. With it, everything folds neatly within view.
    This is especially useful when:
    You're working on a small screen. You want cleaner screenshots of your code. You prefer not to lose track of long lines. Now, let's see how to turn it on or off when needed.
    Method 1: The quickest toggle - Alt + Z
    Yep, there’s a shortcut for it!
    Open any file in VS Code. Press Alt + Z on your keyboard. And that’s it! Word wrap is toggled. Hit it again to switch it off.
    Method 2: Use the command palette
    Prefer something a bit more visual? The Command Palette is your go-to.
    Press Ctrl + Shift + P (or Cmd + Shift + P on macOS). Type Toggle Word Wrap. Click the option when it appears. This is ideal if you’re not sure of the shortcut or just want to double-check before toggling.
    Method 3: Set a default from settings
    Want word wrap always on (or always off) when you open VS Code? You can change the default behavior.
    1. Go to File > Preferences > Settings
    2. Search for “word wrap.”
    3. Under Editor: Word Wrap, choose from the following options:
    off: Never wrap. on: Always wrap. wordWrapColumn: Wrap at a specific column number. bounded: Wrap at viewport or column, whichever is smaller. 💡What’s “wordWrapColumn” anyway?
    It lets you define a column (like 20) at which VS Code should wrap lines. Great for keeping things tidy in teams with coding standards.You can also tweak "editor.wordWrap" in settings.json if you prefer working directly with config files.
    Wrapping up!
    Word wrap might seem like a tiny detail, but it’s one of those “small things” that can make coding a lot more pleasant. Take the indentation settings for example, another crucial piece for code readability and collaboration. Yes, the tabs vs spaces debate lives on 😄
    We’ll continue exploring more quick yet powerful tips to help you make the most of VS Code.
    Until then, go ahead and wrap those words your way.
  16. by: Abhishek Prakash
    Wed, 07 May 2025 07:58:51 GMT

    I have got my hands on this 10 inches touchscreen from SunFounder that is made for Raspberry Pi like devices.
    If you are considering adding touch capability to your Raspberry Pi project, this could be a good contender for that.
    I have used a few SunFounder products in the past but the Pironman case made me their fan. And I truly mean that. This is why before I opened the package, I had a feeling that this will be a solid device.
    Let me share my experience with SunFounder's 10 inch DIY Touch Screen with you.
    SunFounder Latest 10 Inch DIY Touch Screen All-In-One Solution for Raspberry Pi 5, IPS HD 1280x800 LCD, Built-In USB-C PD 5.1V/5A Output, HDMI, 10-point, No Driver, Speakers, for RPi 5/4/3/Zero 2WThis SunFounder Touch Screen is a 10-point IPS touch screen in a 10.1″ big size and with a high resolution of 1280x800, bringing you perfect visual experience. It works with various operating systems including Raspberry Pi OS, Ubuntu, Ubuntu Mate, Windows, Android, and Chrome OS.SunFounderSunFounder📜TLDR;

    It is a well-thought device that gives a smooth touch experience. A single power cord runs both the screen and Pi. The on-board speakers give you more than just display although they are very basic.

    All the interface remain available. The best thing is that it can be used with several other SBCs too.

    From 3D printing to cyberdeck to home automation, how you use it is up to you.

    The $149 price tag is decent for the quality of the touchscreen and the out of box experience it provides for the Raspberry Pi OS.Technical specifications
    Before we get into the nitty-gritty of performance, let's look at what you're actually getting with this display:
    Specification Details Screen Size 10 inches (diagonal) Resolution 1280 x 800 pixels Panel Type IPS (In-Plane Switching) Touch Technology Capacitive multi-touch (up to 10 points) Connection HDMI for display, USB for touch function Compatible with Raspberry Pi 4B, 3B+, 3B, 2B, Zero W Power Supply DC 12V/5A power supply with built-In USB-C PD Audio 2 speakers Dimensions 236mm x 167mm x 20mm Viewing Angle 178° (horizontal and vertical) Weight Approximately 350g Assembling
    SunFounder has a thing for assembling. Like most of their other products, the touchscreen also needs some assembling. After all, it is properly called 'a 10 -inch DIY touchscreen' so there is obviously a DIY angle here.
    The assembling should not take you more than 10–15 minutes to put all the pieces together.
    The assembly basically requires attaching the single board computer with the screws, taping the speakers and connecting it to the touchscreen cable.
    It's actually fun to do the assembly. Not everyone will be a fan of this but I am guessing if you are into maker's electronics, you won't be unhappy with the assembly requirement.
    Experiencing SunFounder DIY Touchscreen
    The device is powered by a 12V/5A DC power that also powers the Raspberry Pi with 5.1V/5A. There are LED lights at the back that indicate if the Pi is turned or not.
    There is no on-board battery, in case you were wondering about that. It needs to be connected to the power supply all the time to function. Although, if you need, you can always attach a battery-powered system to it.
    The display is IPS and the surface feels quite premium. Some people may find it a bit glossy and slippery but the IPS screens have the same look and feel in my experience.
    Colors are vibrant, text is crisp, and the IPS panel means viewing angles are excellent.
    The 10 point capacitive touch works out of the box. The touch response is quite good. I noticed that the double-click mouse action actually needs 3 quick taps. It took me some time to understand that it is the intended behavior.
    My 4-years old daughter used it for playing a few games on GCompris and that worked very well. Actually, she sees the Raspberry Pi wallpaper and thinks it's her computer. I had to take the device off her hands as I didn't want her to use it as a tablet. I would prefer that she keeps on using a keyboard and mouse with her Pi.
    On-screen keyboard
    SunFounder claims that no drivers are required and the touchscreen is ready to be plugged in and play if you use Raspbian OS.
    While I didn't have to install any drivers, and the touchscreen worked fine, I had to install squeekboard package to activate the on-screen keyboard on my Raspberry Pi 5 with Raspbian OS.
    The official SunFounder document mentions that this package should be preinstalled in Raspbian OS but that was not the case for me. Not a major issue as the on-screen keyboard worked fine too after installing the missing package.
    Using On-screen Keyboard in Raspberry Pi OSHere’s what you can do to use a virtual keyboard on Raspberry Pi OS.It's FOSSAbhishek PrakashSpeakers
    Before I forget, I should mention that the touchscreen also has two tiny speakers at the bottom. They are good enough for occasional cases where you need audio output. You won't need to plugin a headphone or external speakers in such cases.
    But if you want anything more than that, you'll need to attach proper speakers. It really depends on what you need it for.
    Dude, where is my stand?
    It would have been nice to have some sort of stand with the screen. That would make it easier to use the touchscreen as a monitor on the table.
    At first glance, it seems like it is more suitable as a wall mount to display your homelab dashboard or some other information.
    But it's not completely impossible to use it without a dedicated stand on the desk. I used the extra M 2.5 screws to increase the length of the bottom two screws. That gave it a stand like appearance.
    Little tweak to make a stand with extra screwsI thought I was smart to utilize those extra screws as a stand. Later I found out that it was intended for that purpose, as the official document also mentioned this trick.
    I remember the older model of this touch screen used to have a dedicated stand.
    Older model of SunFounder's Touchscreen had a dedicated standI still think that dedicated stand attachments would have been a better idea.
    By the way, if you want and have the resources, you can 3D print a custom case for the touchscreen. SunFounder provides the 3D Printer File and all necessary steps on its documentation website.
    What can you use it for?
    The imagination is your limit. There are no dearths of touch-focused Raspberry Pi projects.
    Here are a few usages I can think of:
    Cyberdeck setup Smart home dashboard Retro gaming setup Use in 3d printers Robotics control interface In-car entertainment system (I mean, why not, if you have an ancient car and want to do some tinkering) Mini kiosk for small businesses Homelab dashboard display Weather station and agenda display Digital photo frame Should you get it?
    The answer always depends on what you need and what you want.
    If you are on the lookout for a new touchscreen for your homelab or DIY projects, this is definitely worth a look.
    Sure, the price tag is more than the official Raspberry Pi touchscreen but SunFounder's touchscreen has better quality (IPS), is bigger with better resolution, has speakers and supports more SBCs.
    Basically, it is a premium device, whereas most touchscreen available on lower prices have a very toy-ish feel.
    If affordibility is not a concern and you need excellent touch experience for your projects, I can surely recommend this product.
    Explore SunFounder DIY Touchscreen
  17. by: Ryan Trimble
    Tue, 06 May 2025 14:14:41 +0000

    Back in October, the folks behind the GreenSock Animation Platform (GSAP) joined forces with Webflow, the visual website builder. Now, the team’s back with another announcement: Along with the version 3.13 release, GSAP, and all its awesome plugins, are now freely available to everyone.
    Webflow is celebrating over on their blog as well:
    Check out the GSAP blog to read more about the announcement, then go animate something awesome and share it with us!
    GSAP is Now Completely Free, Even for Commercial Use! originally published on CSS-Tricks, which is part of the DigitalOcean family. You should get the newsletter.
  18. by: LHB Community
    Tue, 06 May 2025 18:08:50 +0530

    Anyone who works in a terminal, Linux or Windows, all the time knows that one of the most frequently used Linux commands is "cd" (change directory).
    Many people have come up with tools to change the current directory intuitively. Some people use the CDPATH environment variable while some go with zoxide, but which doesn't suit my needs.
    So I created a tool that works for me as a better alternative to the cd command.
    Here's the story.
    Why did I build a cd command alternative?
    In my daily work, I've used the cd command a few dozen times (that's about the order of magnitude). I've always found it annoying to have to retype the same paths over and over again, or to search for them in the history.
    By analyzing my use of “cd” and my command history, I realized that I was most often moving through fifty or so directories, and that they were almost always the same.
    Below is the command I used, which displays the number of times a specific directory is the target of a “cd” command:
    history | grep -E '^[ ]*[0-9]+[ ]+cd ' | awk '{print $3}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr Here's how it works step by step:
    history: Lists your command history with line numbers grep -E '^[ ]*[0-9]+[ ]+cd ': Filters only lines that contain the cd command (with its history number) awk '{print $3}': Extracts just the directory path (the 3rd field) from each line sort: Alphabetically sorts all the directory paths uniq -c: Counts how many times each unique directory appears sort -nr: Sorts the results numerically in reverse order (highest count first) The end result is a frequency list showing which directories you've changed to most often, giving you insights into your most commonly accessed directories.
    The above command won't work if you have timestamp enabled in command history.
    From this observation, I thought, why not use a mnemonic shortcut to access the most used directories.
    So that's what I did, first for the Windows terminal, years ago, quickly followed by a port to Linux.
    Meet cdd
    Today cdd is the command I use the most in a console. Simple and very efficient.
    GitHub - gsinger/cdd: Yet another tool to change current directory efficientlyYet another tool to change current directory efficiently - gsinger/cddGitHubgsingerWith cdd, you can:
    Jump to a saved directory by simply typing its shortcut. Bind any directory to a shortcut for later use. View all your pre-defined shortcuts along with their directory paths. Delete any shortcut that you no longer need. 0:00 /1:01 1× Installing cdd
    The source is available here.
    The cdd_run file can be copied anywhere in your system. Don't forget to make it executable (chmod +x ./cdd_run)
    Because the script changes the current directory, it cannot be launched in a different bach process from your current session. It must be launched by the source command. Just add the alias in your ~/.bashrc file:
    alias cdd='source ~/cdd_run' Last step: Restart your terminal (or run source ~/.bashrc).
    Running cdd without argument displays the usage of the tool.
    In the end...
    I wanted a short name that was not too far from "cd". My muscle memory is so used to "cd" that adding just a 'd' was the most efficient in terms of speed.
    I understand that cdd may not be a tool for every Linux user. It's a tool for me, created by for my needs, and I think there might be a few people out there who would like it as much as I do.
    So, are you going to be one of them? Please let me know in the comments.
    This article has been contributed by Guillaume Singer, developer of the cdd command.
  19. By: Janus Atienza
    Tue, 06 May 2025 08:32:32 +0000

    AI Software For Linux: Which Linux AI Tools Are Best in 2025?
    Artificial Intelligence is no longer just a trend; it’s the backbone of every data-driven decision,  prediction, and automated task. When you look at AI software for Linux, you’re diving into some of the most developer-centric, scalable, and open-source environments available today. The right choice of software depends on the project’s specific goals and technical demands.
    From building deep learning models to enhancing NLP systems and training complex computer vision networks, the scope of AI software has expanded dramatically. Frameworks provide the structure to develop machine learning pipelines, while platforms handle the entire AI lifecycle in cloud-based, scalable environments.
    Pairing these powerful tools with a Linux VPS elevates your AI workflow, offering dedicated resources, isolated environments, root access, and cost-effectiveness. It’s the ideal setup for developers who need reliable training, seamless scaling, and secure production environments.
    Is Linux a Good Choice for AI?
    Linux stands out as a strong platform for AI development. Its open-source foundation, unmatched flexibility, and vast ecosystem of AI tools create the perfect environment for building, training, and deploying machine learning models.
    The native support for leading AI frameworks, combined with granular control over system resources, makes Linux the go-to choice for professionals who demand performance and precision.
    Since AI tools are transforming Linux security, as discussed in the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Linux Security, you can pair your chosen AI solution with a Linux VPS to ensure reliable performance, scalability, and secure management, crucial for professional AI projects.
    To pare your AI stack, buy Linux VPS that offers the stability, scalability, and security essential for modern, production-grade workloads. For full control over your AI compute strategy, check OperaVPS to see all Linux VPS plans, engineered specifically for high-performance, AI-driven use cases.
    7 Best Linux AI Tools in 2025
    As artificial intelligence continues to reshape IT infrastructure, Linux system administration is evolving from manual oversight into intelligent, automated operations.
    AI tools for automation of Linux system administration are transforming routine tasks into intelligent, self-optimizing processes, making systems more efficient and responsive.
    Explore the following 7 AI tools that can elevate your Linux system administration tasks to the next level, boosting performance, enhancing reliability, and minimizing human intervention.
    1. AgentGPT
    AgentGPT is a powerful, browser-based open-source AI platform that lets users deploy autonomous agents capable of executing complex, multi-step tasks independently. It leverages OpenAI’s GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 models to break down user-defined goals into actionable subtasks.
    To understand how autonomous AI agents like AgentGPT are reshaping automation in Linux environments, see this article on AI Development and the Role of Linux.
    As a solid addition to modern Linux AI tools, it is ideal for natural language processing (NLP), task automation, machine learning experiments, and even AI-assisted coding, it operates entirely without coding expertise.
    When hosted on a secure Linux VPS, AgentGPT becomes a scalable backend for automating workflows in enterprise or developer environments, making it one of the most versatile AI software for Linux users in 2025.
    To achieve this setup, many professionals choose to buy Linux VPS services that offer the necessary resources and security.
    Pros
    No-code, browser-based setup that accelerates deployment. Handles complex workflows through self-governing AI agents. Agents can be tailored to domain-specific requirements. Cons
    Requires external API keys (dependency on OpenAI or other LLMs) The behavior of agents may drift depending on prompt complexity. Limited transparency into agent decision trees. AgentGPT Use Cases
    Category Example Applications Business Automation Auto-handle admin workflows, route support tickets, schedule tasks via AI Content Creation Write and optimize SEO blogs, generate newsletters, craft marketing copy Software Development Assist with boilerplate code, debug logic errors, prototype toolchains Research & Analysis Summarize technical docs, extract insights from datasets, draft briefs 2. Fastai
    Fastai is one of the smartest choices you can make when working with AI software for Linux. Built on top of PyTorch, Fastai delivers the rare blend of flexibility and abstraction. It speeds up model development dramatically while still letting experienced users dig deep when needed.
    Whether you’re experimenting with transfer learning, building state-of-the-art vision models, or automating NLP workflows, Fastai has the tools and the design philosophy to make you move faster with fewer bugs.
    With just a few lines of code, Fastai lets you train production-level models using prebuilt pipelines that are GPU-optimized out of the box, something Linux handles better than any other OS. That makes it a true power tool in the AI stack, especially when deployed over scalable infrastructure like a Linux VPS. For seamless integration, buy Linux VPS that supports GPU acceleration and offers robust performance.
    Pros
    Clean, beginner-friendly API with expert-level depth. GPU-accelerated and deeply integrated with PyTorch. Excellent Linux support, especially for Ubuntu-based environments. Cons
    Steeper learning curve if diving into advanced customization. Heavily dependent on PyTorch versions—breakage possible with updates. Not ideal for low-resource environments or real-time inference at scale. Fastai Use Cases
    Category Example Applications Computer Vision Build image classifiers, object detection pipelines, medical image analysis tools Natural Language Train sentiment models, fine-tune language models, automate text classification Tabular Modeling Predict customer churn, forecast sales, model structured business data Education & Research Teach deep learning concepts, run reproducible notebooks, build academic ML projects Remote AI Training Run GPU training on Linux VPS, manage models via RDP, deploy Fastai in cloud environments 3. DeepSeek
    DeepSeek is a high-performance open-source language model family built to rival proprietary systems like GPT-4, offering fine-tuned control over large language tasks with local deployment flexibility.
    Designed for developers and researchers who need full-stack AI software for Linux, it excels in code generation, reasoning, and multi-turn dialogue. DeepSeek is available in both base and chat variants and is trained with a deep tokenizer for improved long-context understanding.
    When deployed over a Linux vps, it empowers real-time inference, edge AI development, and complete autonomy without relying on commercial APIs, ideal for privacy, cost control, and infrastructure scaling.
    To facilitate this, it’s recommended to buy Linux VPS hosting that provides the necessary computational power and privacy features.
    Pros
    Open-source, highly customizable LLM. Strong performance in coding and logic tasks. Chat and base models for versatile applications. Cons
    Requires high computational resources for fine-tuning. Limited out-of-the-box GUI tools. Community support, still growing compared to older models. DeepSeek Use Cases
    Category Example Applications Development Automation Intelligent code generation, refactoring, and documentation assistance Research Workloads Training language models, testing custom LLMs on Linux VPS environments Data Analysis Querying, summarizing, and parsing large data logs or documents Private AI Infrastructure Hosting local AI agents securely without sending data to third-party APIs Educational Projects Building training modules for NLP and AI courses on Linux distributions 4. Mistral
    Mistral is a high-performance AI model family built for precision, flexibility, and efficient local deployment. Unlike bloated architectures, it leverages optimized transformer blocks, like Grouped-Query Attention (GQA), to enable low-latency execution without sacrificing accuracy.
    With its open-weight licensing, Mistral allows full control for AI professionals running Linux-based inference pipelines. It’s specifically tuned for tasks such as reasoning, multilingual generation, and code handling, making it ideal for cutting-edge research and production workloads.
    Mistral models scale efficiently on Linux VPS setups, turning decentralized compute into a privacy-friendly lab for AI experimentation. For developers seeking reliable AI software for Linux, Mistral is a top-tier contender.
    To set up such an environment, professionals often buy Linux VPS plans that offer customizable configurations.
    Pros
    Compact transformer architecture with strong inference performance. Open-weight licensing for full offline and customizable deployment. Highly adaptable to Linux AI tools environments. Cons
    Requires significant fine-tuning for niche use cases. No official GUI; CLI and API integrations only. Less community tooling compared to older LLMs. Mistral Use Cases
    Category Example Applications Natural Language Processing Question answering, summarization, dialogue AI Code Generation Script drafting, debugging, lightweight copilots Research & Academia LLM training baseline, model benchmarking Multilingual AI Text generation in global languages Offline Inference Air-gapped deployment via Linux server hosting solution 5. PyTorch
    PyTorch stands as one of the most trusted, production-ready Linux AI software, empowering a full spectrum of AI development from rapid prototyping to industrial-scale deployment. Built by Meta’s AI Research lab, PyTorch offers eager execution by default, giving developers precise control over computation graphs, a game-changer for model debugging and experimentation.
    It fully supports dynamic and static graph modes (via TorchScript), enables GPU acceleration through CUDA, and integrates tightly with ONNX for cross-framework compatibility. PyTorch also fuels large language models (LLMs), computer vision pipelines, reinforcement learning environments, and advanced multi-modal AI systems.
    It supports distributed training out-of-the-box and can be deeply optimized on Linux VPS hosting to lower costs while ensuring scalable performance across nodes. To leverage these benefits, buy Linux VPS that aligns with your project’s specific requirements.
    Designed for AI researchers, ML engineers, and applied scientists, it’s also a staple among startups building specialized Linux AI tools in NLP, vision, and beyond.
    Pros
    Dynamic computation graph for intuitive debugging and experimentation. Native GPU acceleration via CUDA and ROCm. Strong ecosystem: TorchVision, TorchText, TorchAudio, and Lightning. Cons
    Higher memory consumption compared to static frameworks. Steeper learning curve to complete beginners. TorchScript can be complex to debug during model serialization. PyTorch Use Cases
    Category Example Applications Deep Learning Building CNNs, RNNs, and transformers for image, speech, and text tasks Natural Language Processing Training language models, sentiment analysis, named entity recognition Reinforcement Learning Simulating agents, policy optimization, and reward modeling AI Research Rapid experimentation with custom architectures in cutting-edge studies Production Deployment Exporting models with TorchScript/ONNX for Linux server-side inference 6. Mycroft AI
    Mycroft AI is an open-source voice assistant platform built natively for Linux environments, engineered for privacy-conscious AI deployments. Unlike proprietary alternatives, it runs entirely on local hardware or Linux VPS with fully managed control panel access, making it ideal for secure environments without third-party cloud dependencies.
    To implement Mycroft AI effectively, it’s beneficial to buy Linux VPS hosting that ensures data privacy and control.
    Mycroft integrates speech-to-text (STT), natural language understanding (NLU), and text-to-speech (TTS) pipelines through modular components like Precise and Mimic. It allows full customization at the code level, supports multiple languages, and integrates with IoT, home automation, and edge AI use cases.
    As a leading Linux AI software, it empowers developers to deploy privacy-first voice interfaces across personal and industrial applications.
    Pros
    Fully open-source and self-hosted, complete data privacy. Highly customizable STT, NLU, and TTS modules. Integrates natively with AI software for Linux systems and devices. Cons
    Requires manual configuration for some hardware. Community support slower than commercial AI assistants. Lacks an advanced third-party app ecosystem compared to proprietary tools. Mycroft AI Use Cases
    Category Example Applications Private Voice Assistant Run a fully offline, voice-activated system on Linux VPS with custom flows AI Home Automation Interface Connect Mycroft with smart devices, using voice for secure control Voice-Controlled Linux Software Add verbal commands to Linux apps or shell workflows Edge AI Devices Install Mycroft on Raspberry Pi or similar to create autonomous edge AI Voice Frontend for AI Models Use Mycroft as the interface for deeper ML/NLP engines 7. Caffe
    Caffe (Convolutional Architecture for Fast Feature Embedding) is an open-source, deep learning framework developed by the Berkeley Vision and Learning Center (BVLC).
    Designed with performance and modularity in mind, it’s optimized for visual recognition, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and image classification tasks. Caffe stands out for its C++ core with Python and MATLAB bindings, offering blazing-fast model training and deployment across GPUs.
    It thrives in low-latency environments where inference speed is critical. Paired with AI software for Linux, Caffe is a robust choice for production-grade AI on optimized Linux server hosting solutions or when you buy Linux VPS to gain root-level efficiency for model execution.
    Pros
    Exceptionally Fast Inference. Model Zoo Availability. CPU/GPU Flexibility. Cons
    Limited Flexibility for Dynamic Networks. Slower Development for Cutting-Edge Research. Sparse Community Updates. Caffe Use Case
    Category Example Applications Image Classification Object recognition, scene labeling Convolutional Neural Networks Visual feature extraction, CNN research Industrial Automation Quality inspection, robotics vision systems Medical Imaging MRI analysis, X-ray classification Embedded AI Systems Real-time vision for drones and edge devices Best Linux Distros for AI Development
    No doubt, Linux is a popular choice for machine learning. When choosing a Linux distro for AI development, the decision largely depends on the specific AI task.
    Ubuntu remains the top pick for most AI developers due to its wide compatibility with Linux AI tools and support for machine learning frameworks.
    For those focused on deep learning and computational power, CentOS or Fedora offers a stable, high-performance environment.
    For local AI experimentation, Debian is a solid option, offering minimal setup and optimal resource allocation.
    To get started, you can buy Linux VPS server that supports Debian, ensuring a streamlined setup process. Many developers prefer AI software for Linux on terminal-based distros for efficient coding and quicker system performance.
    How to Choose the Best Linux AI Tools in 2025
    Tool Primary Focus Language Support Ideal For ML Support Deep Learning Support Best Linux Distro AgentGPT Autonomous AI task agents Python, JavaScript (APIs) Task automation, simulations Ubuntu (LTS) DeepSeek Local LLMs & NLP chat agents Python, CLI Local NLP tasks, chat interfaces Ubuntu or Arch PyTorch Full-stack ML/DL framework Python, C++, Java, R ML pipelines, research, deployment Ubuntu, Fedora AI Spin Mycroft AI Open-source voice assistant Python Embedded voice AI, smart devices Debian, Ubuntu Minimal Caffe Image-focused DL with CNNs C++, Python, MATLAB Vision tasks, low-level inference Debian, Arch, Yocto Mistral Transformer-based language model Python Fine-tuning LLMs, content workflows Ubuntu, Rocky Linux Fastai High-level PyTorch wrapper for rapid ML/DL Python Beginners, fast experimentation Ubuntu, Linux Mint Conclusion
    Linux remains a top choice for AI development due to its flexibility, open-source nature, and seamless compatibility with AI software for Linux.
    Choosing the best Linux AI tools depends on your project’s needs. AgentGPT suits automation tasks, while Fastai and PyTorch excel in deep learning.
    For privacy, Mycroft and DeepSeek offer secure, self-hosted solutions.
    When leveraging a Linux VPS, ensure your AI tool aligns with your performance and security requirements for scalable, efficient workflows. To achieve this, it’s advisable to buy Linux VPS hosting that matches your project’s specific needs.
    The post AI Software For Linux: Which Linux AI Tools Are Best in 2025? appeared first on Unixmen.
  20. by: Chris Coyier
    Mon, 05 May 2025 17:00:34 +0000

    The news is that GSAP, a hugely popular animation library on CodePen and the web writ large, is now entirely free to use thanks to their being acquired by Webflow.
    Cool.
    In celebration, they are also running a Community Challenge where you make stuff and submit it and maybe win some swag. You make something to submit either with Webflow or CodePen, and they provide a quick Pen template to get started.
    As you can see in that template, GSAP is great at animating regular ol’ HTML content, and in this case text content that it splits into individual elements (accessibly!) with the brand-new entirely re-written for betterness SplitText plugin. But GSAP can animate… whatever. I actually think of it as being particularly good at animating SVG, so I figure we ought to spend the rest of our time together here looking at sweet SVG links that caught my eye recently.
    Animating Figma’s SVG Exports by Nanda Syahrasyad — These interactive posts that Nanda does are amazing. It really doesn’t have anything to do with Figma, but that’s a clever title as it will help connect with the kind of developer who needs this. This made me think of GSAP a bit as the last demo relies on a bit of transform-origin which GSAP explicitly fixes cross-browser (or at least that used to be a big sticking point it smoothed over). svg-gobbler by Ross Moody — Exporting SVG from a design tool, like above, is one way to get the SVG you need. Another is kiping it from existing sites! There is lots of SVG on the web already to get your hands on (be careful to account for copyright and taste). This browser extension helps you extract them cleanly. SVG Coding Examples: Useful Recipes For Writing Vectors By Hand by Myriam Frisano — The other way to get your hands on the SVG you need is to roll up your sleeves and write it, which is an entirely possible thing to do in SVG syntax. This guide doesn’t use <path> on purpose because that’s a whole thing unto itself (which I once documented and have played with on a limited basis). Myriam’s guide here does get into using JavaScript to variable-ize things and do loops and stuff which is all smart and useful stuff. From static to interactive: turn SVG diagrams into exciting experiences on your website by Vanessa Fillis — Flouish looks like a pretty cool tool. These demos by Vanessa to me feel like slightly fanci-fied image map demos, which is actually a perfectly great SVG use case. Changing Colors in an SVG Element Using CSS and JavaScript by Kirupa Chinnathambi — Just some SVG 101 here, which is always appreciated. Vectorpea by Ivan Kutskir— Web-based vector editor (ala Illustrator, with the Pen tool and such) that opens lots of file formats and works quite nicely in my limited experience. Lissajous Curve SVG Generator by Eva Decker — So niche. SVGFM by Chris Kirknielsen — SVG filters are ultra powerful and, I’ve always felt, a bit inscrutable. Chris brings some language and UI to the party making it a bit easier to experiment and play. But it’s still complex! Revisiting SVG filters – my forgotten powerhouse for duotones, noise, and other effects by Brecht De Ruyte — My favorite kind of SVG filters are the ones with one clear purpose and one filter that does the thing. Duotone images are that. The Truth(tm) about encoding SVG in data URIs by Stoyan Stefanov — When using SVG in CSS as a background, you can do: background: url('data:image/svg+xml,<svg ...></svg>'); and I mean that quite literally. You can put whatever SVG syntax in there and it’ll work generally as expected. No scripting or anything. There is only one thing to worry about: encode any # characters as %23.
  21. by: Kevin Hamer
    Mon, 05 May 2025 13:01:43 +0000

    Using scroll shadows, especially for mobile devices, is a subtle bit of UX that Chris has covered before (indeed, it’s one of his all-time favorite CSS tricks), by layering background gradients with different attachments, we can get shadows that are covered up when you’ve scrolled to the limits of the element.
    Geoff covered a newer approach that uses the animation-timeline property. Using animation-timeline, we can tie CSS animation to the scroll position. His example uses pseudo-elements to render the scroll shadows, and animation-range to animate the opacity of the pseudo-elements based on scroll.
    Here’s yet another way. Instead of using shadows, let’s use a CSS mask to fade out the edges of the scrollable element. This is a slightly different visual metaphor that works great for horizontally scrollable elements — places where your scrollable element doesn’t have a distinct border of its own. This approach still uses animation-timeline, but we’ll use custom properties instead of pseudo-elements. Since we’re fading, the effect also works regardless of whether we’re on a dark or light background.
    Getting started with a scrollable element
    First, we’ll define our scrollable element with a mask that fades out the start and end of the container. For this example, let’s consider the infamous table that can’t be responsive and has to be horizontally scrollable on mobile.
    Let’s add the mask. We can use the shorthand and find the mask as a linear gradient that fades out on either end. A mask lets the table fade into the background instead of overlaying a shadow, but you could use the same technique for shadows.
    CodePen Embed Fallback .scrollable { mask: linear-gradient(to right, #0000, #ffff 3rem calc(100% - 3rem), #0000); } Defining the custom properties and animation
    Next, we need to define our custom properties and the animation. We’ll define two separate properties, --left-fade and --right-fade, using @property. Using @property is necessary here to specify the syntax of the properties so that browsers can animate the property’s values.
    @property --left-fade { syntax: "<length>"; inherits: false; initial-value: 0; } @property --right-fade { syntax: "<length>"; inherits: false; initial-value: 0; } @keyframes scrollfade { 0% { --left-fade: 0; } 10%, 100% { --left-fade: 3rem; } 0%, 90% { --right-fade: 3rem; } 100% { --right-fade: 0; } } Instead of using multiple animations or animation-range, we can define a single animation where --left-fade animates from 0 to 3rem between 0-10%, and --right-fade animates from 3rem to 0 between 90-100%. Now we update our mask to use our custom properties and tie the scroll-timeline of our element to its own animation-timeline.
    Putting it all together
    Putting it all together, we have the effect we’re after:
    CodePen Embed Fallback We’re still waiting for some browsers (Safari) to support animation-timeline, but this gracefully degrades to simply not fading the element at all.
    Wrapping up
    I like this implementation because it combines two newer bits of CSS — animating custom properties and animation-timeline — to achieve a practical effect that’s more than just decoration. The technique can even be used with scroll-snap-based carousels or cards:
    CodePen Embed Fallback It works regardless of content or background and doesn’t require JavaScript. It exemplifies just how far CSS has come lately.
    Modern Scroll Shadows Using Scroll-Driven Animations originally published on CSS-Tricks, which is part of the DigitalOcean family. You should get the newsletter.
  22. by: Sreenath
    Sat, 03 May 2025 08:56:47 GMT

    In an earlier article, I discussed installing plugins and themes in Logseq.
    And you already know that there are plenty of third-party plugins available in Logseq plugins Marketplace.
    Let me share some of the Plugins I use to organize my contents.
    🚧Before installing Plugins, it is always good to frequently take backups of your notes. In case of any unexpected data loss, you can roll back easily.I presume you know it already, but in case you need help, here's a detailed tutorial on installing plugins in Logseq.
    Customize Logseq With Themes and PluginsExtend the capability and enhance the looks for Logseq with themes and plugins.It's FOSSSreenathMarkdown Table Editor
    Creating tables in Markdown syntax is a tedious process. Tools like Obsidian have a table creator helper that allows you to create and edit tables easily.
    When it comes to Logseq, we have a very cool plugin, Markdown Table Editor that does the job neatly and greatly.
    You can install this extension from the Logseq plugin Marketplace.
    To create a table, press the / key. This will bring you a small popup search. Enter table here and select Markdown Table Editor.
    This will create a popup window with a straight-forward interface to edit table entries. The interface is self-explanatory where you can add/delete columns, rows, etc.
    0:00 /1:00 1× Creating Markdown table in Logseq using the Markdown Table Editor plugin.
    Markdown Table Editor GitHubBullet Threading
    Logseq follows a bullet blocks approach, with each data block is a properly indented bullet point.
    Now, the point to note here is "Properly indented".
    You should be careful about the organization of parent, child, and grandchild nodes (bullets) in Logseq. Otherwise, when you reference a particular block of a note in the future, not all related data will be retrieved. Some points may appear as part of another nested block, which destroys the whole purpose of linking.
    Bullet-Threading extension will help you keep track of the position you are currently editing in the greater nested data tree. This is done by visually indicating the bullet path. Such an approach makes the current indent location visually clear for you.
    0:00 /0:15 1× Example of Bullet Threading Extension
    Never again loss track of data organization because of the lack of awareness about the indentation tree.
    Bullet-Threading GitHubTags
    Tags is the best plugin to organize the data in logseq where there is only a very narrow difference between pages and tags. It is the context of usage that differentiate pages and tags from each other.
    So, assigning single-word or small phrase tags to your notes will help you access and connect between the knowledge in the future.
    The Tags extension will query the notes and list all the tags in your data collection; be it a #note, #[[note sample]], or tags:: Newtag tag.
    You can arrange them alphabetically or according to the number of notes tagged with that specific tag.
    🚧As of February 1, 2025, the GitHub repository of this project was archived by the creator. Keep an eye on further development for hassle-free usage.Tags Plugin listing available tagsYou can install the plugin from the Logseq plugins Marketplace.
    TagsTabs
    Working with multiple documents at a time is a necessity. Opening and closing documents one by one is surely not the best experience these days.
    Logseq has the Tabs plugin that implements a tab bar on top of the window so that you can have easy access to multiple opened documents.
    This plugin offers several must-needed features like pin tabs, reorder tabs, persisting tabs, etc.
    0:00 /0:26 1× Working with Tabs in Logseq.
    Usually, newly opened document replace the current tabs. But you can use Ctrl+click to open links in background tab, which is a very handy feature.
    Tabs GitHubJournals Calendar
    Journal is a very important page in Logseq.
    You can neatly organize document tree and scribble things and tag them properly. Each day in the Journal is an independent Markdown file in the Journals directory in your File manager.
    Journal Markdown FilesBut it may feel a bit crowded over time, and getting a note from a particular date often includes searching and scrolling the result.
    The Journals Calendar plugin is a great help in this scenario. This plugin adds a small calendar button to the top bar of Logseq. You can click on it and select a date from the calendar. If there is no Journal at that date, it will create one for you.
    0:00 /0:46 1× Journal Calendar Plugin in Logseq
    Pages with Journals will be marked with a dot allowing you to distinguish them easily.
    Journals Calendar GitHubTodo Master Plugin
    Todo Master plugin is a simple plugin that puts a neat progress bar next to a task. You can use this as a visual progress tracking.
    You can press the slash command (/) and select TODO Master from there to add the progress bar to the task of your choice. Watch the video to understand it better.
    TODO Master PluginLogseq TOC Plugin
    Since Logseq follows a different approach for data management compared to popular tools like Obsidian, there is no built-in table of contents for a page.
    There is a "Contents" page in Logseq, which has an entire different purpose. In this case, this real table of contents renderer plugin is a great relief.
    It renders the TOC using the Markdown headers.
    Logseq TOC renderingLogseq TOC PluginWrapping Up
    Logseq plugin Marketplace has numerous plugins and themes available to choose from.
    But you should be careful since third-party plugins can result in data losses sometimes. Weird, I know.
    It is always good to take proper backup of the data, especially if you are following a local-first note management policy. You won't want to lose your notes, do you?
    💬 Which Logseq plugin do you use the most? Feel free to suggest your recommendations in the comment section, so that other users may find useful!

  23. CSS shape() Commands

    · Blogger · 05/02/25 12:36 PM

    by: Geoff Graham
    Fri, 02 May 2025 12:36:10 +0000

    The CSS shape() function recently gained support in both Chromium and WebKit browsers. It’s a way of drawing complex shapes when clipping elements with the clip-path property. We’ve had the ability to draw basic shapes for years — think circle, ellipse(), and polygon() — but no “easy” way to draw more complex shapes.
    Well, that’s not entirely true. It’s true there was no “easy” way to draw shapes, but we’ve had the path() function for some time, which we can use to draw shapes using SVG commands directly in the function’s arguments. This is an example of an SVG path pulled straight from WebKit’s blog post linked above:
    <svg viewBox="0 0 150 100" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path fill="black" d="M0 0 L 100 0 L 150 50 L 100 100 L 0 100 Q 50 50 0 0 z " /> </svg> Which means we can yank those <path> coordinates and drop them into the path() function in CSS when clipping a shape out of an element:
    .clipped { clip-path: path("M0 0 L 100 0 L 150 50 L 100 100 L 0 100 Q 50 50 0 0 z"); } I totally understand what all of those letters and numbers are doing. Just kidding, I’d have to read up on that somewhere, like Myriam Frisano’s more recent “Useful Recipes For Writing Vectors By Hand” article. There’s a steep learning curve to all that, and not everyone — including me — is going down that nerdy, albeit interesting, road. Writing SVG by hand is a niche specialty, not something you’d expect the average front-ender to know. I doubt I’m alone in saying I’d rather draw those vectors in something like Figma first, export the SVG code, and copy-paste the resulting paths where I need them.
    The shape() function is designed to be more, let’s say, CSS-y. We get new commands that tell the browser where to draw lines, arcs, and curves, just like path(), but we get to use plain English and native CSS units rather than unreadable letters and coordinates. That opens us up to even using CSS calc()-ulations in our drawings!
    Here’s a fairly simple drawing I made from a couple of elements. You’ll want to view the demo in either Chrome 135+ or Safari 18.4+ to see what’s up.
    CodePen Embed Fallback So, instead of all those wonky coordinates we saw in path(), we get new terminology. This post is really me trying to wrap my head around what those new terms are and how they’re used.
    In short, you start by telling shape() where the starting point should be when drawing. For example, we can say “from top left” using directional keywords to set the origin at the top-left corner of the element. We can also use CSS units to set that position, so “from 0 0” works as well. Once we establish that starting point, we get a set of commands we can use for drawing lines, arcs, and curves.
    I figured a table would help.
    CommandWhat it meansUsageExampleslineA line that is drawn using a coordinate pairThe by keyword sets a coordinate pair used to determine the length of the line.line by -2px 3pxvlineVertical lineThe to keyword indicates where the line should end, based on the current starting point.

    The by keyword sets a coordinate pair used to determine the length of the line.vline to 50pxhlineHorizontal lineThe to keyword indicates where the line should end, based on the current starting point.

    The by keyword sets a coordinate pair used to determine the length of the line.hline to 95%arcAn arc (oh, really?!). An elliptical one, that is, sort of like the rounded edges of a heart shape.The to keyword indicates where the arc should end.

    The with keyword sets a pair of coordinates that tells the arc how far right and down the arc should slope.

    The of keyword specifies the size of the ellipse that the arc is taken from. The first value provides the horizontal radius of the ellipse, and the second provides the vertical radius. I’m a little unclear on this one, even after playing with it.arc to 10% 50% of 1%curveA curved lineThe to keyword indicates where the curved line should end.

    The with keyword sets “control points” that affect the shape of the curve, making it deep or shallow.curve to 0% 100% with 50% 0%smoothAdds a smooth Bézier curve command to the list of path data commandsThe to keyword indicates where the curve should end.

    The by keyword sets a coordinate pair used to determine the length of the curve.

    The with keyword specifies control points for the curve.I have yet to see any examples of this in the wild, but let me know if you do, and I can add it here. The spec is dense, as you might expect with a lot of moving pieces like this. Again, these are just my notes, but let me know if there’s additional nuance you think would be handy to include in the table.
    Oh, another fun thing: you can adjust the shape() on hover/focus. The only thing is that I was unable to transition or animate it, at least in the current implementation.
    CodePen Embed Fallback CSS shape() Commands originally published on CSS-Tricks, which is part of the DigitalOcean family. You should get the newsletter.
  24. by: Sacha Greif
    Thu, 01 May 2025 12:34:58 +0000

    I don’t know if I should say this on a website devoted to programming, but I sometimes feel like *lowers voice* coding is actually the least interesting part of our lives.
    After all, last time I got excited meeting someone at a conference it was because we were both into bouldering, not because we both use React. And The Social Network won an Oscar for the way it displayed interpersonal drama, not for its depiction of Mark Zuckerberg’s PHP code. 
    Yet for the past couple years, I’ve been running developer surveys (such as the State of JS and State of CSS) that only ask about code. It was time to fix that. 
    A new kind of survey
    The State of Devs survey is now open to participation, and unlike previous surveys it covers everything except code: career, workplace, but also health, hobbies, and more. 
    I’m hoping to answer questions such as:
    What are developers’ favorite recent movies and video games? What kind of physical activity do developers practice? How much sleep are we all getting? But also address more serious topics, including:
    What do developers like about their workplace? What factors lead to workplace discrimination? What global issues are developers most concerned with? Reaching out to new audiences
    Another benefit from branching out into new topics is the chance to reach out to new audiences.
    It’s no secret that people who don’t fit the mold of the average developer (whether because of their gender, race, age, disabilities, or a myriad of other factors) often have a harder time getting involved in the community, and this also shows up in our data. 
    In the past, we’ve tried various outreach strategies to help address these imbalances in survey participation, but the results haven’t always been as effective as we’d hoped. 
    So this time, I thought I’d try something different and have the survey itself include more questions relevant to under-represented groups, asking about workplace discrimination:
    As well as actions taken in response to said discrimination:
    Yet while obtaining a more representative data sample as a result of this new focus would be ideal, it isn’t the only benefit. 
    The most vulnerable among us are often the proverbial canaries in the coal mine, suffering first from issues or policies that will eventually affect the rest of the community as well, if left unchecked. 
    So, facing these issues head-on is especially valuable now, at a time when “DEI” is becoming a new taboo, and a lot of the important work that has been done to make things slightly better over the past decade is at risk of being reversed.
    The big questions
    Finally, the survey also tries to go beyond work and daily life to address the broader questions that keep us up at night:
    There’s been talk in recent years about keeping the workplace free of politics. And why I can certainly see the appeal in that, in 2025, it feels harder than ever to achieve that ideal. At a time when people are losing rights and governments are sliding towards authoritarianism, should we still pretend that everything is fine? Especially when you factor in the fact that the tech community is now a major political player in its own right…
    So while I didn’t push too far in that direction for this first edition of the survey, one of my goals for the future is to get a better grasp of where exactly developers stand in terms of ideology and worldview. Is this a good idea, or should I keep my distance from any hot-button issues? Don’t hesitate to let me know what you think, or suggest any other topic I should be asking about next time. 
    In the meantime, go take the survey, and help us get a better picture of who exactly we all are!
    State of Devs: A Survey for Every Developer originally published on CSS-Tricks, which is part of the DigitalOcean family. You should get the newsletter.
  25. by: Abhishek Prakash
    Thu, 01 May 2025 05:49:00 GMT

    Before the age of blogs, forums, and YouTube tutorials, Linux users relied on printed magazines to stay informed and inspired. Titles like Linux Journal, Linux Format, and Maximum Linux were lifelines for enthusiasts, packed with tutorials, distro reviews, and CD/DVDs.
    These glossy monthly issues weren’t just publications—they were portals into a growing open-source world.
    Let's recollect the memories of your favorite Linux magazines. Ever read them or had their subscription?
    Linux Magazines That Rule(d) The LinuxverseOnce upon a time when it was fashionable to read magazines in print format, these were the choices for the Linux users.It's FOSSAbhishek Prakash💬 Let's see what else you get in this edition
    RISC-V based SBC, Muse Pi. Lenovo offering Linux laptops. Trying tab grouping in Firefox. And other Linux news, tips, and, of course, memes! This edition of FOSS Weekly is supported by PikaPods. ❇️ PikaPods: Enjoy Self-hosting Hassle-free
    PikaPods allows you to quickly deploy your favorite open source software. All future updates are handled automatically by PikaPods while you enjoy using the software. PikaPods also share revenue with the original developers of the software.
    You get a $5 free credit to try it out and see if you can rely on PikaPods. I know, you can 😄
    PikaPods - Instant Open Source App HostingRun the finest Open Source web apps from $1.20/month, fully managed, no tracking, no ads, full privacy. Self-hosting was never this convenient.Instant Open Source App Hosting📰 Linux and Open Source News
    QEMU 10 just released with many new upgrades. Proton Pass now allows attaching files to passwords. The Indian court orders a ban on Proton Mail. Kali Linux is urging users to add their new signing key. Running Arch Linux inside WSL is now officially possible. The Muse Pi Pro is a new RISC-V SBC with AI acceleration. Lenovo offers Linux laptops with cheaper price tag .
    Lenovo Cuts the Windows Tax and offers Cheaper Laptops with Linux Pre-installedLenovo is doing something that many aren’t.It's FOSS NewsSourav Rudra🧠 What We’re Thinking About
    Perplexity is ready to track everything users do with its upcoming AI-powered web browser.
    Perplexity Wants to Track Your Every Move With its AI-powered BrowserPerplexity’s new Comet web browser is bad news if you care about privacy.It's FOSS NewsSourav Rudra🧮 Linux Tips, Tutorials and More
    Organize better with Logseq journals and contents pages. Learn how to create a password-protected Zip file in Linux. Our apt command guide is a one-stop resource for all your apt command needs. Dual-booting CachyOS and Windows is a nice way to get the best of both worlds. Firefox has finally introduced Tab Groups, join us as we explore it.
    Exploring Firefox Tab Groups: Has Mozilla Redeemed Itself?Firefox’s Tab Groups help you organize tabs efficiently. But how efficiently? Let me share my experience.It's FOSSSourav Rudra Desktop Linux is mostly neglected by the industry but loved by the community. For the past 12 years, It's FOSS has been helping people use Linux on their personal computers. And we are now facing the existential threat from AI models stealing our content.
    If you like what we do and would love to support our work, please become It's FOSS Plus member. It costs $24 a year (less than the cost of a burger meal each month) and you get an ad-free reading experience with the satisfaction of helping the desktop Linux community.
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    This Website Is Running on a WiiAlex Haydock found a dusty old Wii console at a hardware swap and modded it to run his website.404 MediaSamantha Cole✨ Apps Highlight
    We tested out GNOME's new document viewer, Papers.
    Hands-on with Papers, GNOME’s new Document ReaderTried GNOME’s new document reader, it didn’t disappoint.It's FOSS NewsSourav Rudra📽️ Videos I am Creating for You
    Subscribe to It's FOSS YouTube Channel🧩 Quiz Time
    Test your Ubuntu knowledge with our All About Ubuntu crossword.
    All About Ubuntu: Crossword PuzzleA true Ubuntu fan should be able to guess this crossword correctly.It's FOSSAbhishek Prakash🛍️ Deal you might like
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    In Brave Browser, you can open two tabs in a split view. First, select two tabs by Ctrl + Left-Click. Now, Right-Click on any tab and select "Open in split view". The two tabs will then be opened in a split view.
    You can click on the three-dot button in the middle of the split to swap the position of tabs, unsplit tabs, and resize them.
    🤣 Meme of the Week
    We really need to value them more 🥹
    🗓️ Tech Trivia
    On April 27, 1995, the U.S. Justice Department sued to block Microsoft’s $2.1 billion acquisition of Intuit, arguing it would hurt competition in personal finance software. Microsoft withdrew from the deal shortly after.
    🧑‍🤝‍🧑 FOSSverse Corner
    Know of a way to rename many files on Linux in one go? Pro FOSSer Neville is looking for ways:
    What is the best way to rename a heap of files?There are two rename apps a Perl program a utility from util-linux You can also use mv in a loop I have the util-linux version trinity:[nevj]:~$ rename -V rename from util-linux 2.41 I used it to do the following The syntax of that rename version is rename ′ from ′ ′ to ′ files I have several folders of these image files so I just cd’d around and did each folder by hand. Just wondering… has anyone used the Perl version of rename or do people do it with the File Manager or some o…It's FOSS Communitynevj❤️ With love
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    Share the articles in Linux Subreddits and community forums.
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    Opt for It's FOSS Plus membership and support us 🙏
    Enjoy FOSS 😄

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